1, the concept of sexual dysfunction (sexual dysfunction): is the individual can not participate in his / her desired sexual relationship; also called “sexual dysfunction”. The symptoms of sexual dysfunction must be persistent or recurring, and therefore cannot perform the sexual life they want, affect daily life or social function, cause interpersonal tension, and bring obvious pain to the patient. Sexual dysfunctions are a group of common and frequent disorders with age-related and progressive development that seriously affect the quality of sexual life. As for occasional, transient problems with sexual function cannot be diagnosed as sexual dysfunction. Laumann et al. of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) assessed the sexual health and quality of life of 1,749 women and 1,410 men (18-59 years old) and found that women were more prone to sexual dysfunction than men (43% and 31%, respectively), which was characterized by age-related, progressive development; men had more erectile dysfunction (52%), followed by premature ejaculation (30 to 40%) and hypoactive sexual desire the least (15%). In women, hypoactive sexual desire is the most common (51%), followed by sexual arousal disorder (33%) and painful intercourse (16%). 2, classification and diagnosis Sexual dysfunction is a sexual physiological dysfunction that occurs at certain stages in the process of sexual activity. According to the human sexual response curve proposed by Masters and Johnsons, male sexual function refers to a series of instinctive physiological processes such as sexualdesire, penile erection, ejaculation, orgasm, etc. These links affect each other, and each link can cause male sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction in women includes sexual desire disorder, sexual arousal disorder, orgasm disorder and painful intercourse, among which sexual desire disorder is the most common. The categories in the DSM-5 are: delayed ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, female orgasmic disorder; female sexual interest/arousal disorder, genital-pelvic pain/insertion disorder; male hypoactive sexual desire disorder; and premature ejaculation. The DSM-5, in defining the various sexual dysfunctions, also emphasizes that the symptoms persist for more than 6 months, cause the patient clinically significant distress, and that the sexual dysfunction cannot be better explained by other non-sexual psychiatric disorders or as a result of severe relationship distress or other significant stressors, nor can it be attributed to the effects of substances/medications or other somatic disorders. In the DSM-5 diagnosis, “sexual dysfunction” is essentially a group of “functional” or “nonorganic” disorders after excluding substance/medication or somatic disorders. In the DSM-5, it is also generally important to label whether the disorder is: Lifelong (primary): the disorder has persisted since the individual became sexually active. Acquired (secondary): The symptom begins after a period of relatively normal sexual function. Whether the label is: Generalized: not limited to specific types of stimuli, situations, or partners. Situational: Present only with specific types of stimuli, situations, or partners. 3, psychoanalytic treatment Freud believed that the subconscious cause of sexual dysfunction is mainly the presence of the patient’s Oedipus complex. The germination of sexual awareness occurs in children between the ages of 3 and 5. However, the excessive repression of sex causes psychological conflicts during the Oedipus period, causing a stagnation of psychosexual development. Freud took the approach of allowing his patients to make free associations and found that the Oedipus complex in young boys and the Oedipus complex in young girls are present in the vast majority of people. In their early lives, their respect and affection for the opposite sex in their parents can be seen as the germ of sexuality, and the ethical norms of sexuality cause them to repress this sexuality unconsciously before it gets transferred outward, forming a complex. Under normal circumstances, the child’s budding consciousness of sexuality directed to the parents is accepted or acquiesced by the father, and at the same time, due to the constraints of the sexual moral superego, the dynamics of the child’s sexuality make the child’s sexuality leave the parents and point to sexual objects outside the family; after puberty, the real sexuality gradually arises, forming the desire to establish sexual relationships and generating the behavior of sexual-emotional communication between individuals. A normal sexual life consists of a perfect combination of sexual desire and sexual behavior; in the sexual life of patients with sexual dysfunction, these two often do not combine. During the Oedipus period, the psychosexual development of children is often influenced by the following two factors, and sexual dysfunction occurs in adulthood: 1. Between the ages of 3 and 5, children are not adored by the opposite sex of both parents, and children’s sexual drive is not able to come out of itself and point to the opposite sex of both parents; 2. Children’s sexual drive is excessively fixated on the opposite sex of both parents, and is subject to the incest taboo Repression, in their adulthood, they are unable to get out of the triangular relationship with their parents, still indulge in sexual fantasies about their parents, and are unable to extricate themselves, unable to establish and develop sexual and loving intimacy with the opposite sex outside of their parents, thus leading to sexual dysfunction in adulthood. Freud also noted that once the development of psychosexuality stagnates in the narcissistic stage, the patient tends to give vent to sexual desire by masturbation and is not interested in a spouse; in addition, oral or anal masturbation is also a stagnant or regressive phenomenon. In a male-dominated society, women do not dare to indulge in sexual pleasure and regard sex as obscene, but put love in a higher position (but in fact do not understand love), but pursue a more pure and sacred love, in sexual relationships, even if they are married, they still have low libido, lack of sensuality, orgasm disorder, etc. In the sexual partnership, if the woman is too strong, known as the “woman with a penis”, the man may appear fearful or overly submissive behavior, or the woman as a goddess, overhead, kneeling on both knees, dare not blaspheme, he will be nervous and anxious during sex, resulting in impotence or premature ejaculation. On the contrary, he may lift the psychological barrier of sexual repression if he changes to a woman of poorer looks and lower level, bursting out with never-before-seen passion in sexual life and showing normal sexual function. At this point, the psychotherapist should understand that in the patient’s subconscious mind, authority often means the patient’s father or mother from early childhood. Regarding sexual dysfunction, later theories of object relations suggest that, in addition to the Oedipus stage of psychosexual development as described by Freud, it may also occur before the Oedipus stage, for example, when the infant does not form a good attachment with the mother up to the age of two, does not establish sufficient basic trust in others, does not successfully complete the “separation-individuation” stage of development, and does not have a good relationship with the mother. individualization” stage of development, etc. These pre-Oedipal psychological dysphoria lead to personality factors that influence the subsequent Oedipal psychosexual development. In patients with sexual dysfunction, impedance and erotic empathy are evident in psychoanalytic sessions. The therapist should pay attention to establishing a trustful, safe and confidential therapeutic relationship with the visitor, forming a working alliance, targeting the analysis of impedance, psychological defense mechanisms and empathy with the help of free association and dream analysis, analyzing the psychological development process during the Oedipus period and before, enabling the patient to comprehend and promote the refinement and development of his sexual psyche and the whole personality. Principles of treatment First, to combine the patient’s sexuality and love, sexual behavior and sexual desire; second, to put the patient and the sexual partner in an equal position of sexual roles in sexual life. Once again, people with sexual dysfunction are often accompanied by some psychological abnormalities in personality, therefore, attention should be paid to the comprehensive use of various psychological treatment methods in psychotherapy.