Self-control of blood glucose Zhang Chuan, Department of Endocrinology, Second Hospital of Jilin University
A What is Self-Measurement of Blood Glucose (SMBG)
Self-control of blood glucose is the basic principle in the treatment of diabetes. However, the change of blood glucose, strictly speaking, varies from person to person. And not necessarily as usual. When insulin and oral medication are used, the change of blood sugar becomes more complicated.
To control this blood sugar well, it is necessary to test the changes in blood sugar and confirm whether the control is effective. Especially for patients who are on insulin therapy, it is necessary to adjust insulin and diet according to the changes in blood sugar and to confirm meticulous changes in blood sugar. What enables such confirmation in daily life is self-monitoring of blood glucose. Blood glucose measurement that can only be performed at a medical institution can be measured 24 hours a day even in your own home. Real-time processing is used to measure the changing blood glucose, and its blood glucose value is fed back in the treatment. This system was so accurate that it made strict blood glucose management possible. 1976 was the year when we conducted the first study of this method in the world and tried to make it practical.
Eventually, self-measurement of blood glucose became an important means of supporting insulin therapy while also becoming a pillar for achieving a social life that is no different from that of a healthy person.
B The benefits are these
There are many things that you can discover after performing your own blood glucose measurement. You can feel the impact that every small action can have on your blood sugar and the connection with your condition. As your understanding deepens, what is reflected in the treatment becomes enriched.
The result is an increasing level of self-management of blood glucose, which in the short term allows you to avoid acute complications such as hypoglycemia and ケトアシドDシス. On a long-term level, it is possible to prevent the onset and development of chronic complications such as retinal disease and kidney disease, from which various benefits can be obtained.
●Benefits of self-measurement of blood glucose
①The correlation between daily life and blood glucose value can be understood by the actual situation.
②A fairly detailed and appropriate blood glucose management can be performed.
③Active insulin therapy can be carried out at home.
④Preventing the development of acute and chronic complications.
⑤The number of visits to the doctor and hospitalization can be reduced.
⑥Increased trust in blood glucose control.
⑦The understanding of the condition is deepened and the willingness to treat is created.
⑧Safe pregnancy and delivery become possible.
⑨ The quality of daily life is improved and the radius of movement is expanded.
C This condition is effective
Simply put, blood glucose self-measurement is effective in patients with unstable blood glucose, especially type 1 and type 2 patients who undergo insulin therapy.
The method of blood glucose self-measurement also becomes an effective means of finding the cause of patients on medication and food therapy when the effect of treatment is not obvious. In addition, patients who have been strictly managing their blood glucose have shown many benefits by performing self-measurement of blood glucose. In this sense, blood glucose self-monitoring is a very effective tool for all diabetic patients.
However, at this stage, self-measurement of blood glucose is limited to those who are covered by health insurance.
The conditions in which self-measurement of blood glucose is particularly effective
①Patients who are on insulin therapy.
②People who are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.
③When you have a disease other than diabetes.
④Those who are on special insulin therapy such as pump therapy.
⑤ when feeling different from the usual state.
D Practical significance of blood glucose measurement by itself
1.How to measure
When performing blood glucose measurement, there are two main points: one is that it is necessary to know the value of blood glucose changes 24 hours a day in order to confirm the situation of blood glucose control; the other is because blood glucose can change dramatically due to diet, exercise, stress, etc., and especially the act of confirmation centering on these effects. From this point, there is also a model of setting the point of measurement centered on diet.
However, if there are a hundred patients there are a hundred ways of treatment, so the method of measurement varies, and it may not necessarily stick to the basic model. It is important to discuss with your primary care physician to find the method that is right for you.
***Diet, exercise, and stress should be marked
———- Essentials of blood glucose measurement ———–
Blood glucose can vary greatly depending on diet, exercise, and stress response
*Factors that make blood glucose rise: diet, stress response, disease
*Factors that make blood sugar go down: exercise, medications (insulin, oral medications)
*Basic model of testing
Insulin injection
Breakfast
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Bedtime
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3-4 times in 1 day
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