What is skin surface hypotension?

Before discussing this topic, I would like to give an account of the most basic structural layers of the skin. Generally speaking, from the outside to the inside, the skin can be roughly divided into three layers, namely, epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue. These three layers are composed of different components and play very different roles. The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin and is composed mainly of epidermal cells in various stages of evolution. These cells are embedded in the dermis, like a layer of metallic paint on a rough wall. The epidermis forms the first barrier of the body and is the first component of the body’s aesthetic surface. The dermis is in the middle level of the skin. It is the carrier of the epidermis, and its main component is fibrous tissue, with less cellular components. Because of the large fibrous component, the dermis is the main structure that maintains the skin’s tone. Subcutaneous fat is mainly composed of fat cells. In addition to the familiar insulation and energy storage, fat is also a thick cushion on the surface of the body, giving the body a plump appearance. However, the maintenance of this shape is achieved by the tension of the dermis. Based on the above analysis of the skin structure, the functions of the three structural levels of the skin can be broadly defined from a cosmetic point of view as follows: fat forms the filling volume, the dermis maintains the tension and form, and the epidermis decorates the appearance of magnificence. Therefore, it seems that the adjustment of skin incision tension should be done from the dermis, which is achieved through the dermal tension reduction suture. However, the emergence of some medical products, especially adhesive products, does make it possible to do “superficial articles”, so there are some types of adhesive tape to reduce the tension of the incision by sticking and pulling. So, can this kind of tension reduction achieve the expected effect of tension reduction? To answer this question, we must first look at how this method of tension reduction is achieved. In fact, it is an easy to understand reason, but it is to reduce the skin tension in some parts (usually the middle part of the tape) by pulling the tape on the skin surface. From the point of view of the skin’s hierarchical function, this tension reduction effect should be indirect, because the pulling force of the tape should be transmitted through the epidermis to the dermis. Therefore, the effect of tension reduction is not only determined by the pulling force generated by the tape, but also related to the bonding force between the epidermis and the dermis. There is a kind of hook called sticky hook. This kind of hook to the wall a sticky can, than to the wall wedge nails much more convenient. However, this hook can hang things also depends on whether the paint on the wall and the wall as a whole integrated. If the lacquer on the wall has been flabby off, the hook on the glue and good hook can not stick to the wall, it is better to wedge a nail into the wall to the real. The combination between the epidermis and the leather is different from both the softness between the lacquer and the wall, and different from the solidity between the nail and the wall. The epidermis cell is sticky embedded in the leather, so there is a certain bonding force, but this sticky embedded and large nails wedged into the wall is completely different, so it will not bear too much pulling force. Secondly, although the above use lacquer and wall as a comparison, but the relationship between epidermis and dermis, but more complex than the relationship between lacquer and wall. Because in normal human body, both epidermis and dermis are living structures. There is a limit to how much life can tolerate environmental change, even if that limit can be improved by repeated exercise. When the epidermis is pulled by adhesive tape, the pulling force will change the living environment of the epidermal cells, and when this environmental change reaches a level that affects the viability of the epidermal cells (e.g., hypoxia), a series of abnormal cellular changes will eventually lead to a number of lesions, the most common of which is the formation of blisters at the adhesive tape. Therefore, the effect of skin surface de-tensioning depends on how much tension the epidermal cells can tolerate. This tension is unpredictable. Finally, human skin is very fragile, delicate and sensitive. It needs a stable living environment and careful care. A good tape, applied to the skin is also an undesirable stimulus that will create a kind of adversity for cell survival. This adversity cells can cope with for a short time, it is difficult to endure for a long time. Incision reduction, on the other hand, is never a short-term process. Therefore, from a skin health point of view, sacrificing one aspect to satisfy the other would be to lose sight of the other. Indeed, incisional reduction is important for the prevention of scar growths. Skin surface reduction can be useful, but the effect of such reduction is limited, if at all, due to the above-mentioned limitations. For incisional reduction, the effort is intraoperative and not postoperative, just like making a dress, it is important to sew a good stitch, otherwise, a good patch will not help.