Chronic diseases are a category of “flesh-wrapping” diseases as opposed to acute diseases with a clear outcome, which once developed will live with the patient for the rest of his or her life. Such as diabetes, coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, chronic hepatitis, chronic bronchitis, Parkinson’s disease, etc. have some common features: eradication is not easy but can slow down the development; progress is not fast but can also suddenly cause trouble, many measures but difficult to adhere to, drug therapy is only a component of comprehensive treatment. Most of the poorly controlled chronic diseases often follow this path: the first know full of enthusiasm, all together; later as cold as ice, ignore; late thirsty digging well, mend the sheep. In fact, reasonable control of chronic diseases, patients can enter the state of health with disease, and ordinary people enjoy the same satisfactory life. Control of chronic diseases is like a protracted war, “the way to use the army, the plan is the first”, here are 36 plans for the reference of patients. Fu Xiaoying, Department of Endocrinology, Second People’s Hospital of Guangdong Province The first plan is to prepare for a rainy day Most chronic diseases are polygenic, i.e. the similar genetic background and common living conditions of family members are the basis for the occurrence of chronic diseases. In order to prevent other family members who are still healthy from repeating the same mistakes, you should know the triggers of family-related diseases in your life to avoid premature onset. For example, avoid gluttony, avoid alcohol, more exercise, more smiles, less late nights, less worry can largely reduce the occurrence of many metabolic diseases such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver; low salt diet to slow the onset of hypertension. The second plan to review the situation is definitely unfortunate to get sick, but remember that you are never the most unfortunate person in the world, sighing and complaining will not help, out of the shadow is another day. Reflect on the lessons learned from past illnesses caused by improper living, treat illness as a spice to your life, adapt your diet to the needs of disease control as much as possible, and take care of the pleasures of life while taking into account your body’s ability to cope. Learn to accept the “gift” from your parents, and integrate the process of treating the disease into your life like food, clothing, housing and transportation, such as taking hypoglycemic drugs before meals, or getting up to take antihypertensive drugs like washing your face and brushing your teeth, which will become natural over time, so that the disease will not be aggravated by frequent forgetfulness of treatment and lead to adverse consequences. The fourth plan is to know yourself and your opponent through formal science channels to understand the general knowledge of your disease, such as disease staging and prognosis, diet and living precautions, drug classification and use, hospital experts’ specialties, treatment objectives and control of the target range. Find a hospital and doctor you can trust and work with them for a long time so that they can really become experts in your disease and be good at summing up their experience in the long-term treatment process and take fewer detours. The fifth plan is to live within your means. Long-term medication is one of the main points of treatment for many chronic diseases. Those who are not financially well-off will be reluctant to invest in medical expenses for diseases that are not yet relevant. Those who do not want to live a more disciplined life will be unhappy with the current treatment measures that restrict their “freedom”. They are unaware that if they miss the “golden period” of treatment, they will spend more and live less freely when they enter the “bottomless pit” of advanced stages. Learn to calculate the economic accounts of health care, as long as the economy allows a small amount of early disease investment can reduce a large number of late disease expenses. Try to reduce the “special drugs”, “ancestral drugs”, “root cause drugs” and other useless inputs to make the economy worse. Each chronic disease generally has a specific control target, and drug therapy is generally divided into control and maintenance amounts. The control amount is to bring the abnormal indicators (such as blood sugar, blood pressure, cholesterol, etc.) to normal or near normal through treatment, and the maintenance amount is the minimum long-term dosage that can maintain the normal indicators. Therefore, the corresponding indicators should be monitored or rechecked frequently to know whether they are met. Blind medication is the main cause of many chronic patients’ painful treatment. The seventh plan is to learn to take charge of their own medical documents at the beginning of the treatment, because after several years, chronic patients have a large number of follow-up medical records and review test sheets or blood sugar, blood pressure, weight records and drug instructions, etc. should be divided into chronological categories. If you have time, you should record the tests and treatment contents separately in the form of a list, but do not keep a running account. It is not easy for the doctor to browse quickly to find the pattern of changes in the disease. If you don’t have time, you can just store the test sheets in chronological order (remember that the first test sheet is the most important). A well-trained doctor will not neglect a well-trained patient. In addition to the common sense of keeping the above mentioned test sheets and medical records, patients with a certain cultural background can also take advantage of the convenience of modern information and pay close attention to information on the progress of diagnosis and treatment of their diseases, and information on specialized hospitals or doctors, just in case. The level of scientific knowledge is reflected in good treatment results and low medical costs, not in the bombardment of airplanes and cannons. As the instruments, equipment and reagents used by each hospital are different, the data of the same laboratory tests are not comparable among different hospitals (especially endocrine hormone test sheets). There are also differences in doctors’ medication habits and clinical experience, and patients’ disease patterns and drug reactions are very different. Chronic patients need to find a hospital and a doctor you trust, so that they can have a mutual understanding and overcome chronic diseases together during long-term follow-up. If there is a change in your living environment or if you disagree with your current diagnosis and treatment, you should be careful to bring your past medical information with you when you change hospitals so that your doctor can understand the full picture of your disease as soon as possible. It is important to know that even the biggest hospitals and the best doctors have a process to understand the condition and physical characteristics of the specific patient, and it is impossible to solve the fundamental problem in one visit. Do not follow the advertisements, frequent changes will only hurt the people. The eleventh plan is to prevent the slightest change. Chronic diseases are easy to control in the early stages of abnormal indicators, and there is little pain and limited symptoms when there is no organ involvement in the early stages. But over time, complications (involving the organs) will slowly come, and trouble will follow. However, it is common for busy people to cherish their time, for those who are financially embarrassed to spare money, for those who are in mild pain to feel good, and for those who are far away from the hospital to be afraid of trouble, so that they are left alone in the early stage and suffer in the late stage. It is not known that controlling and monitoring abnormal indicators to prevent complications is the main purpose of hard treatment of chronic diseases. Be alert to complications from early on from the subtleties. Serious illnesses are evolving from light, such as a small increase in blood pressure in diabetic patients, a small amount of urine protein in hypertensive patients, may be the early or mid-term changes in complications. The twelfth plan is to think long term. The effect of early treatment is memorable, and the choice of initial treatment plan is crucial for future disease regression and prognosis. Chronic disease treatment generally follows the treatment strategy of correcting the cause and slowing progression; improving pathology and protecting function in the middle stage, and relieving symptoms and alleviating pain in the lower stage. The goals of pharmacotherapy may be extremely different in each phase. The initial treatment should not only control the symptoms but also achieve the targets, improve the indicators but also preserve the strength, and not to kill the eggs or quench the thirst. For example, the treatment of diabetes in turn can achieve the elimination of symptoms, control of blood sugar, protection of pancreatic islet function, improve insulin resistance, eliminate the cause of the disease is the continuous improvement of the realm of treatment. Irregular treatment is another reason why many chronic patients have poor prognosis despite active treatment, and wrong treatment is better than no treatment. The thirteenth plan of logistical life disease from the mouth Human beings have been drinking hair and blood for hundreds of thousands of years, slash-and-burn for tens of thousands of years, starving and cold for thousands of years, well-clothed and well-fed for a hundred years, but a dozen years, modern people enjoy a rich diet at the same time many metabolic diseases such as obesity, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, gout are all related to diet. This geometrically rapid change in diet has taken genetic evolution by surprise. The cost of the evolutionary advantage of the “conserving genome” has led to hypertension due to excessive salt intake, gout due to excessive nucleic acids, fatty liver, obesity, hyperlipidemia and diabetes due to excessive total calories. The most basic treatment for metabolic diseases is to start with a proper diet. The common basis for the treatment of these diseases is to eliminate excess nutrition, slow down the speed of eating and reduce the proportion of fine foods. The fourteenth plan Anbu when the car telephone, television, elevator, computer save a lot of time and energy, efficiency is greatly improved. But the price of insufficient physical strength is the accelerated aging of the muscles, geriatric diseases appear in advance, cervical spondylosis, low back pain, disc prolapse, osteophytes, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents is no longer the patent of the elderly. So open your legs, let our physical strength to pay more to increase the burden of muscle should bear. The reasonable exercise to reduce blood sugar, blood pressure, blood lipids and fatty liver is half the effort and resource-saving treatment The fifteenth plan to pass up and down People often attach great importance to diseases that affect eating, while the quality of stool is doubly neglected. Chronic patients or think constipation is a disgraceful thing do not bother to consult a doctor, or a hundred diseases do not have time to care about the district constipation. In fact, constipation is the culprit of hemorrhoids, cerebral hemorrhage, myocardial infarction, bleeding under the eyes, skin roughness, pigmentation. Many constipations are initially triggered simply by ignoring the sensation of daily bowel movements. Develop conscious bowel habits (induce bowel movements), do defecation exercises (rub the belly and raise the anus), drink more water, moderate amount of coarse food, if necessary, auxiliary laxative drugs to keep the stool usually, for chronic patients, especially the elderly chronic patients can reduce a lot of trouble. The sixteenth plan to sleep peacefully insomnia can make the diabetic’s blood sugar increased, hypertensive people’s blood pressure rose. So learn to sleep peacefully and sleep habits is also the basic function of chronic patients to stabilize their condition. One of the main reasons why many insomniacs are not cured is that they regard sleep as too sacred. Sleep with an open attitude, do not deliberately create the so-called quiet sleep environment, and develop fragile sleep habits. Remember that insomnia is not terrible, what is terrible is the overly dramatic emotional reaction to insomnia, which triggers anxiety and enters a vicious cycle of insomnia-irritability-insomnia aggravated-irritability aggravated. The seventeenth plan of the same door of the disaster Internet chat, online games, mahjong poker is a popular recreation of the party, smoking, drinking, tea is the pleasure of people to relieve fatigue. These life hobbies that increase the intelligence of the brain, and friends will be friends, is the fun of life, there is nothing wrong with this. But uncontrolled enjoyment will be the opposite: play things all night long, often drunk, smoking every day, excessive tea thick taste will subconsciously destroy the gods and hurt the body, depleting reserves. The enjoyment of life that gives people a pleasant feeling can also be a sweet killer. The right arrangement of entertainment and hobbies, to stop addiction and indulgence, can avoid many tragedies that would not have happened. The eighteenth plan is to be poor and simple. It is the goal of modern life to pay attention to the taste of life and reflect self-worth. Due to the high requirements brought about by high taste, many people are both the creators and the martyrs of happy life. The most important thing to avoid the ending of “exchanging life for money in the first thirty years and money for life in the second thirty years” is to have a simple, frugal and pristine attitude to life and inner peace. The nineteenth plan of the fierce battle psychological chronic diseases require long-term or even lifelong treatment, not only pay a lot of financial and energy, mental consumption is more frustrating. Grasping the steering wheel of the mind in a fierce battle is a free buffet to deal with adversity and even enhance the sense of happiness. Illnesses that prevent people from doing what they want to do unfortunately limit many experiences in life, but there are nine things in the world that are not as good as they should be. A wise patient may gain deeper thoughts and reflections on life from these eight or nine, experience another kind of life, learn another kind of knowledge, and make another kind of friends. And illness can sublimate feelings, enrich experience, harvest a richer life, see a more gorgeous rainbow. The twentieth plan to take things as they come is a common feature of chronic diseases, the stress of the mind can make diabetics blood sugar, hypertension, blood pressure, coronary heart disease, perhaps a sudden heart attack. External facts will not change because you are a patient, so learning to take things as they come is a must for chronic patients. Otherwise, it is impossible for any medicine to respond appropriately to the sudden neuroendocrine changes. Borrowing this Buddhist precept may help one maintain inner peace. The eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and brain are the windows through which we receive external stimuli, and the content, process, and results of the same thing are very different for people with different training. The creation of a sunny mindset is in my hands. Eliminating, reducing or quickly eliminating unpleasant sensations is the benefit of the six root purification. The 22nd plan is to enjoy oneself. In order to survive, it may seem negative to deliberately maintain inner peace, but it may be more beneficial to create happiness to stabilize the disease. Pleasure is the process by which brain cells produce a series of neurohormones, such as enkephalins, that help relieve pain, improve appetite, and regulate endocrine secretion. Pleasure can be actively promoted, such as appreciation of family members, tolerance of opponents, inviting friends for a small gathering, layout of the room, decorate yourself, dress up, enjoy the rain, and other efforts can make people feel happy. Unevenness or bitterness, anxiety or depression, panic or anxiety, and many other negative psychological often plague chronic patients. A poor state of mind not only reduces the quality of life but also aggravates the disease. The twenty-third plan to help others from the heart to help others, caring for others and helping others can make the pleasure to maintain long-term. Making daily acts of kindness a conscious act can keep people in a stable endocrine state for a long time. The so-called “face from the heart” and “kind eyes” are the best interpretation of the external expression of long-term endocrine stability. If one can maintain tranquility and happiness by helping people, one can improve one’s health by learning more knowledge, broadening one’s horizons, thinking in a sunny way and behaving rationally to create a better state of life. The warrior role of the twenty-fifth plan thirty and standing people over thirty to start a family and a career, the hard work of starting a family and a career also leaves a foothold for the chronic diseases of middle and old age later. The current 30s is the mainstream of the sub-healthy state, active prevention of chronic diseases and their complications should be done from a young age. 30s chronic patients should try to make the treatment strictly up to standard. The 26th plan is not to be confused. The 40s are a successful career, with money, status and family business, but at this time, diseases are also coming. Blood pressure, blood lipids or blood sugar began to become unstable, and even individual fast walkers have occurred cardiovascular accidents. Adhering to treatment without compulsion in the midst of a busy schedule is the least of the problems for patients in this age group. Measures such as placing medications in places where they can be easily reminded, getting into the habit of taking medications on time, and keeping frequently used medications on hand for business trips and at work can minimize missed doses. The twenty-seventh plan Fifty years of age is the time when the body enters an eventful period and life, which has been running for half a century, starts to become fragile. At this stage, you should have a comprehensive and detailed physical examination to take stock of the extent of your existing diseases and the function of your organ reserves, so as to guide the appropriate use of medication. People with chronic diseases should pay extra attention to the retirement syndrome, avoiding the indulgence of a sudden idleness of life on the one hand, and preventing the depression of a reduced scope of life on the other. The twenty-eighth plan of the sixty ears people over 60 years old have more time to take care of their own body, the same disease between the elderly more eager to exchange treatment experience. Repeatedly trying various popular treatments is a common treatment misconception for many retired seniors. Not only do they waste money on trial after trial, but they also miss the opportunity to treat. Individual differences in the treatment of chronic diseases after age 60 are even greater due to the very different degrees of natural aging of the organs. It is best to have an individualized treatment plan developed for you by a medical professional who understands your condition. After the age of 70, there is often more than one disease, and the variety of medications increases, but liver and kidney function has declined, and the ability to tolerate medications decreases significantly. When you go to different hospitals or departments for different diseases, you should tell your doctor about your disease and the drugs you are using to avoid adverse reactions between drugs. In addition, after the age of 70, even if you had improper hobbies in the past, do not change your habits drastically because of medical treatment, it is more important for your health to be relaxed and to live as you wish. The thirtieth plan of the oldest old people The old people who have been baptized by the years begin to return to their childish character and delicate life, and at this time rely more on the care and attention of others. Sometimes overdose and misuse of drugs can be more harmful to life than the disease itself. It is a great desecration of life for the elderly to be damaged by the improper use of drugs. Battlefield Technique Part 31 Hypertension Long-term regular application of antihypertensive drugs to stabilize blood pressure in the normal or near-normal range is the most important part of the treatment of hypertension. It is up to the professional physician to develop and adjust the regimen based on the patient’s self-monitored blood pressure profile. The timing of medication is determined by the pattern of blood pressure increase, the type of medication is determined by the type of hypertension, and the dose is determined by the degree of hypertension. Understanding the pattern of changes in one’s own blood pressure is a prerequisite for reasonable and smooth blood pressure lowering. There are many factors affecting blood sugar control, including the quantity and quality of meals, the intensity and duration of exercise, sleep and mood, colds and fevers, all of which can cause changes in blood sugar, so diabetes emphasizes doctor-patient collaboration and comprehensive treatment. Diet control makes treatment twice as effective, exercise moderate makes treatment complementary, rational choice of medicine makes treatment effective, diligent monitoring makes treatment targeted, and acceptance of knowledge makes treatment icing on the cake. The treatment of coronary artery disease is characterized by different types of acute and slow performance, and the treatment of coronary artery disease is characterized by treating the surface when urgent and treating the root when slow. Control of high blood lipid, high blood sugar, high blood pressure and high blood viscosity in asymptomatic or stable period is the basis of treatment of coronary heart disease. Active control of angina pectoris, arrhythmia and cardiac insufficiency is the key to prevent cardiovascular events. If necessary, coronary angiography intervention can save lives immediately. The 34th plan of the old chronic bronchitis is the development process of chronic bronchitis, smoke, cough, sputum, wheezing and swelling. To stop smoking is the key to prevention, expectorant, asthma and anti-infection are the main points of treatment during the onset of symptoms, and active exercise to strengthen the resistance is the content of the remission period. Chronic gastritis, ulcer disease, constipation and chronic diarrhea should be relatively easy to treat chronic diseases, but patients buy their own allopathic medications at pharmacies to treat gastrointestinal discomfort is the most common reason why patients are repeatedly treated without success or keep relapsing. The necessary gastroscopy is a prerequisite for reasonable treatment, followed by the regular use of medication according to the course of treatment to ensure the efficacy of the treatment, in addition to check the eating habits (amount, speed and content) should not be ignored. The 36th plan: Hyperthyroidism is a chronic disease that can be cured. Most of the hyperthyroidism can be cured by long-term medication, but some of the hyperthyroidism that are contraindicated by long-term medication or more serious or failed by medication need to be treated by radioactive iodine 131 or surgery. Regular follow-up and regular medication are the keys to ensure the efficacy of medication for hyperthyroidism. Easy discontinuation of medication or single dose for a long time is a common reason for failure of medication control or even aggravation of proptosis.