Osteoporosis is an important cause of fractures. It affects the management of fractures and their prognosis, but has long been underappreciated. “When you get old, your bones get loose” seems to be a physiological condition, and it is not taken seriously as a pathological condition. Even some orthopaedic surgeons do not consider the role of osteoporosis as an important factor when dealing with fractures. To reduce the occurrence of fractures, we must first start with the prevention and control of osteoporosis; to prevent and control osteoporosis, we must first understand what kind of disease osteoporosis actually is. The dangers of osteoporosis include easy to cause osteoporotic fractures and body deformities. Among them, fracture is the most common and serious complication of osteoporosis, but it is not taken seriously because of its early asymptomatic or mild symptoms, and by the time fracture occurs, osteoporosis has often been formed for a long time. Especially the elderly tend to have back pain, hunchback and short stature, but they all think it is a normal aging phenomenon and don’t care. In fact, these are all manifestations of osteoporosis, which may lead to fracture or even more serious consequences if not taken care of; fractures may occur even without significantly larger external forces, and osteoporotic fractures occur mostly during indoor daily activities such as twisting the body, holding objects, and opening windows. Among osteoporotic fractures, spine fractures, hip fractures, and distal radius fractures are the most common. Osteoporosis is a disease involving the formation of long-term, continuous loss of bone throughout the skeletal system. Fractures are the most common and serious complication of degenerative osteoporosis. Fractures caused by osteoporosis seriously threaten the physical and mental health of the elderly and affect their quality of life, with high rates of disability, death and medical care costs, resulting in a heavy burden on families and society. It is second only to cardiovascular diseases in importance. I. Causes of osteoporosis Patients with osteoporosis have reduced bone mass, impaired bone microstructure, destruction of bone trabeculae, thinning of cortical bone, increased brittleness of bone, and stress below the fracture threshold, resulting in an increased risk of fracture of the bone. The occurrence of fracture is closely related to the reduction of bone density, which is significantly reduced in patients with osteoporosis. Second, the triggers for the occurrence of osteoporosis Osteoporotic spine fractures most often occur without a large external force, such as during daily movements such as twisting the body, holding objects, opening a window, coughing or vibrating in a car. Pain is suddenly worse at the onset, some patients (20%) have no pain, and some patients have spontaneous fractures without any external force. Hip fractures and distal radius fractures are mostly caused by falls. III. The incidence of osteoporosis The incidence of fractures in men increases from the age of 65 years, while in women it increases continuously from the age of 45 years. Females account for 85% of all fractures. The lifetime risk of various osteoporotic fractures is estimated to be 30% to 40% for women and 10% to 15% for men. Fractures occur at relatively fixed sites. Prevention of osteoporosis Although osteoporosis cannot be completely prevented, giving certain preventive measures, such as adequate intake of calcium, vitamin D and exercise, can largely reduce osteoporosis and prevent serious complications. Distinguished by age and gender factors, osteoporosis is the most common disease of the skeletal system in middle-aged and elderly people, especially in women. Currently, 75% of women with osteoporosis go untreated and more than half choose to treat osteoporosis with calcium supplements alone. Early diagnosis and treatment is an effective way to reduce the harm of osteoporosis, and people at risk should go to a regular hospital osteoporosis treatment center for diagnosis in a timely manner to prevent the problem before it happens. Sun Ping, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangdong Pharmaceutical University