There is a difference between obstructive emphysema and emphysema. Emphysema is not necessarily chronic obstructive emphysema, while chronic obstructive emphysema is definitely one of the types of emphysema. The two conditions are completely different, and emphysema is generally not as serious as obstructive emphysema. Emphysema is mainly caused by the dilatation of the air spaces at the distal end of the terminal fine bronchi of the lungs, inability to expel gases in a timely manner, decreased elastic retraction of the alveoli, and an increase in the amount of residual air in the lungs. However, there is no obvious fibrosis of the lungs, and there is no airflow limitation, only chronic bronchitis, combined with emphysema. In obstructive emphysema, there is not only emphysema, but also airway ventilation obstruction, and the elasticity of the alveoli is irreversibly reduced, and there is even pulmonary fibrosis.