1. Overview Cough is one of the most common respiratory symptoms in children and is an important defense mechanism of the body that clears airway secretions and foreign bodies. Chronic cough in children should be considered if the cough persists or recurs within 3 months (also considered within 2 weeks) without fever. The manifestations and mechanisms of chronic cough in children vary in different age groups, so it can be divided into 2 subtypes: infantile and childhood; simple and complex (the latter with multiple other symptoms). It is caused by multiple factors or mechanisms such as infections, allergies, constitutional and medical origin, and it occurs during the behaviorally sensitive period of children (infants and children of school age before the age of 10). 2. Regarding concepts The relationship between chronic cough in children and certain other diagnostic terms of disease is unclear. For example, the terms (designations) cough variant asthma (CVA), allergic cough, airway hyperreactivity after respiratory infection, and infantile cough and wheeze overlap in conceptual connotation, but differ in presentation, mechanism, course, and prognosis. When determining the diagnosis of chronic cough, I usually start by thinking about the differences: the presence of traditional primary diseases (e.g., recurrent respiratory infections, pneumonia, interstitial allergic pneumonia, airway foreign body and gastroesophageal reflux cough, eosinophilic/high IgE allergy-related extrapulmonary or systemic syndromes). It is often not possible to make a diagnosis in 1-2 times. Repeated history taking and detailed physical examination is the key to diagnosis, and various ancillary tests are performed only when necessary. 3, the intervention principles of urgent is to treat the symptoms and slow is to treat the root cause; as far as possible, a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis and the causes of each occurrence, from the environment, diet, lifestyle habits and drugs 4 comprehensive response; medication should be individualized less and more precise oral or nebulized drug therapy, to avoid excessive treatment; doctor-patient (parent) cooperation and close communication follow-up.