There are many causes of infantile brain atrophy, the more common ones such as perinatal brain injury, central nervous system infection, hemorrhage, vascular malformation, poisoning, and recurrent convulsions. Pediatric cerebral atrophy is caused by a variety of reasons, any cause of brain tissue hypoxia, ischemic disease can lead to this disease. Common causes include perinatal brain injury, central nervous system infection, hemorrhage, vascular malformations, poisoning, repeated convulsions, etc. It manifests itself as a reduction in the size and number of brain cells, secondary to enlargement of the ventricles and subarachnoid space, and clinical symptoms such as varying degrees of mental retardation and cerebral palsy. When the child is diagnosed with cerebral atrophy, he or she should go to a regular hospital and improve the examination under the guidance of the doctor and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment.