Targeted therapeutic agents for tumors include cell growth factor and its receptor inhibitors, multi-targeted kinase inhibitors, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs, epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, DNA methylation inhibitors, cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, NF-κB pathway-targeting drugs and cell cycle modulating drugs. With the increasing research on the molecular mechanism of thyroid cancer, more and more targeted drugs have been carried out in clinical trials for thyroid cancer. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors. TKIs are currently the most studied targeted therapeutic agents in thyroid cancer. For 131I-refractory DTC, several TKIs, including sorafenib, sunitinib, vandetinib, axitinib, motesanib and gefitinib, have been conducted in clinical trials, confirming that TKIs can alleviate disease progression to some extent. However, no patient has yet shown a complete cure, and the maximum rate of partial remission is less than 50%, and this remission rate is difficult to maintain in the long term; a significant proportion of patients discontinue the drug because of not uncommon side effects or tumor progression. Therefore, these drugs can be considered only in patients with advanced DTC who have failed conventional treatment and are in a progressive state.