Under normal circumstances, the pleural cavity is a closed potential cavity that does not contain gas, and gas enters the pleural cavity, causing a state of pneumothorax, called pneumothorax. It can occur spontaneously or due to disease, trauma, surgery, improper diagnostic or therapeutic operation, etc. After the occurrence of pneumothorax, the pressure in the pleural cavity increases, and the negative pressure in the chest can become positive pressure, compressing the lung tissue, resulting in the obstruction of venous blood flow back to the heart and producing different heart and lung dysfunctions. The purpose of treatment is to eliminate the cause of the disease, close the pleural incision through oxygen, thoracentesis and suction, closed chest drainage, open thoracotomy or transthoracoscopic surgery, etc., to promote gas discharge and absorption, promote the reopening of the compressed lung tissue on the affected side, restore the normal anatomy and physiological function of the lung, eliminate the impact on heart and lung function, and reduce the recurrence of pneumothorax at the same time. Clinically, there are many patients who have slow gas absorption or even increase instead of decrease during the treatment process, which brings great economic and ideological burden to the patients and their families. To sum up and analyze the reasons, there are the following points: 1, the patient is old, poor physical condition, the presence of lung underlying diseases that cause and aggravate pneumothorax, such as tuberculosis, lung tumor, pulmonary alveoli, bronchopleural leakage, dirty pleural thickening, bronchial obstruction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease combined with infection, etc. In the treatment, we only pay attention to the existence of pneumothorax and promote the discharge of gas, but we do not pay attention to and deal with the causes and unfavorable factors, which cause adhesions of pleura, slow healing of pleural rupture, and even the formation of traffic pneumothorax, so there is unsatisfactory gas absorption and slow recovery. Therefore, for old and poorly treated pneumothorax patients, attention should be paid to the comprehensive evaluation of the patient’s physical condition, and comprehensive treatment should be given for the cause and degree of the disease, and combined with the general physical condition. 2.The appropriate treatment plan is not selected according to the type of pneumothorax and the time of lung atrophy of the patient. If the closed pneumothorax is more compressed, the gas absorption and lung reopening are not satisfactory after repeated pumping, and if the treatment measures (such as performing closed chest drainage) are not adjusted, it will inevitably cause slow recovery of the pneumothorax and even cause more harm. Clinically, patients with pneumothorax should have a detailed medical history and carefully read the films to clarify the type and condition, and choose the appropriate treatment plan in combination with the general condition of the patient, and should be reviewed in time to understand the effect of treatment, and if the treatment is not effective, analyze the reasons and take effective measures. 3, blindly pursue the amount of gas expulsion, a large number of repeated pumping in a short period of time, expecting rapid gas absorption and rapid recovery of pneumothorax (family request or doctor’s failure to pay attention), the desire for speed is not achieved. Once the pneumothorax occurs, if the pleural rupture is not closed, the gas in the chest cavity is impossible to be pumped out. Improper pumping causes excessive expansion of the lung around the rupture, which instead affects the natural repair of the ruptured pleura and causes delayed absorption of the pneumothorax, and at the same time, it may cause redundant acute pulmonary edema and endanger life due to too fast release of the chest pressure. In order to prevent this situation, it should be clearly explained to the family and the patient so that they understand that the treatment of pneumothorax takes a certain amount of time. At the same time, the doctor should strictly and flexibly master the precautions of pumping, generally about 1L per pumping, not more than 1200ml in one time, which can be increased as appropriate in case of large lung compression or tension pneumothorax. The pumping speed should be slow, and the pumping speed should be about 100ml per minute. If there is retension acute pulmonary edema, it will be treated as acute pulmonary edema. 4. Ignore symptomatic treatment other than pneumothorax. Patients coughing, coughing sputum, constipation, etc. can directly or indirectly increase the pressure in the chest cavity and make the pleural rupture again, resulting in slow gas absorption and slow recovery of pneumothorax, even repeatedly. Therefore, for pneumothorax patients with cough and sputum, expectorant, cough suppressant and anti-infection treatment can be given; for pneumothorax patients with constipation, fiber-rich food should be given to promote intestinal peristalsis and prevent dry stools, and laxative drugs should be given to help defecation if necessary. 5. Patients are not treated with bed rest, restricted activities, light diet and oxygen, especially young patients. Patients with obvious chest tightness, dyspnea, cyanosis, etc. in the acute stage of pneumothorax should absolutely rest in bed and receive continuous oxygen, and only get out of bed for light activities, such as walking, after the symptoms are relieved, avoiding smoking, exertion, laughing, rapid change of position, spicy diet, etc. to cause re-rupture of the pleural rupture. To avoid this, medical care and communication between doctors and patients should be done to explain the necessity and benefits of treatment measures, cooperate with each other in treatment, strengthen the supervision of patients’ medical compliance, and reduce visits at the same time. 6. Inappropriate operation of medical origin. If the thoracic puncture pumping technique is not good or positioning error, puncturing the pleura, resulting in medical pneumothorax, in order to avoid such cases, the doctor should be bold and careful, understand the medical history and physical examination should be careful, and the operation should be standardized. In conclusion, pneumothorax is more common in clinical practice and relatively simple to treat, but to achieve effective treatment, it is necessary for the doctor to understand the medical history in detail, analyze the condition attentively, take appropriate treatment plans, and obtain the trust and cooperation of patients and their families.