Positive antinuclear antibodies are of great importance in the diagnosis, disease determination, and evaluation of the efficacy of autoimmune diseases, but as far as the results of current studies are concerned, antinuclear antibodies generally do not turn negative. First, antinuclear antibodies are not a single antibody, but a group of autoantibodies with different clinical significance, such as anti-double-stranded DNA antibody, anti-Sm antibody, anti-histone antibody, anti-synuclein antibody, anti-SSA antibody, anti-SSB antibody, etc. The clinical significance of different types of antinuclear antibodies varies, but overall, the significance of antinuclear antibodies in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases is greater than their role in the judgment of disease and evaluation of efficacy, i.e., antinuclear antibodies exist like a label in patients with autoimmune diseases to distinguish the non-autoimmune population. Secondly, antibodies are autoantibodies produced by the abnormal function of the body’s immune system, which cannot recognize the normal tissue components of the body and treat them as foreign “foreign bodies” and induce abnormal immune reactions. There is a correlation between the level of antibodies and the severity of the disease. When the disease is severe or in the acute stage, the level of antibodies is higher; after effective treatment with hormones and immunosuppressants, the level of antibodies can be reduced. However, since autoimmune diseases cannot be cured, drug treatment can suppress abnormal immune reactions in the body, so the synthesis of antinuclear antibodies decreases and the level of antinuclear antibodies decreases. Therefore, a positive antinuclear antibody level is not usually reversible and its clinical significance lies more in the diagnosis of autoimmune disease. Patients should pay more attention to the overall control of the disease to prevent and reduce complications.