Swelling of the hands in patients taking anti-tuberculosis drugs may be due to low protein, but a variety of causes such as venous thrombosis of the upper extremities and arthritis cannot be ruled out. Patients taking anti-tuberculosis drugs have tuberculosis, and tuberculosis can lead to an imbalance in the body’s nutrient metabolism, resulting in malnutrition, followed by the emergence of hypoproteinemia, and low-protein due to the osmotic pressure is reduced, the water in the blood will seep to the tissues, resulting in swelling of the hands or lower limbs and other conditions. In addition, anti-tuberculosis drugs such as rifampicin can cause nausea, vomiting and other gastrointestinal adverse effects, which may aggravate malnutrition and cause hand swelling. In addition, when the upper extremity venous thrombosis, due to venous stenosis or embolism, resulting in the blockage of reflux may be swollen hands. Inflammation of the joints of the hand patients, due to the stimulation of inflammation can also cause tissue congestion and edema, swelling of the hand. Therefore, hand swelling is not always caused by taking anti-tuberculosis drugs, and it is necessary to clarify whether there are other reasons. It is recommended that patients with swollen hands should consult a doctor in time and be treated under the guidance of a professional doctor.