Abdominal surgery has a significant systemic impact and requires more time, quality and quantity of food after surgery, and is often complicated by abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, fever and other discomforts. The new concept of accelerated rehabilitation surgery that has emerged in recent years in the field of surgery requires that patients be thoroughly informed of the perioperative measures and benefits and gain their understanding and support, and that they be informed of the expected daily recovery after surgery and encouraged to gain confidence. Patients and their families often know that in addition to the correct surgical plan and delicate surgical operation, the cooperation of the patient and the care of the family are crucial to the recovery of the disease. However, they do not know how to start, and are often cautious and not conducive to recovery. So what should we do? First, face the disease with a frank mood Talk frankly with the medical staff, without exaggeration or concealment, and tell the doctor about your discomfort, your worries, and even your fear of the disease and lack of confidence in overcoming it. Although domestic doctors and nurses have a heavy clinical workload, they attach great importance to the daily complaints of patients and will find out the changes of the disease at an early stage, and their worries and psychological reactions will be relieved after receiving the doctor’s reply and encouragement. Second, the correct early diet General small and medium-sized surgery, abdominal non-intestinal surgery, postoperative anesthesia reaction is small, the impact on the intestine is small, the diet does not need to be strictly restricted. For larger surgeries, especially intestinal surgeries, the traditional view is to wait until there is normal exhaust before starting to eat. In recent years, the concept of accelerated rehabilitation surgery advocates early use of the intestine, 6 hours after surgery without nausea and vomiting can first drink water, the first day after surgery can eat a fluid diet without dregs, can be juice, soy milk and enteral nutrition preparations, etc., no discomfort after normal exhaustion and defecation can be gradually excessive to semi-liquid diet such as egg custard, porridge, etc., and finally excessive to ordinary food. Because some people in China are prone to diarrhea when consuming milk, it is not recommended to consume fresh milk after surgery. Third, reasonable choice of postoperative position The postoperative patient’s position has a great influence on the patient’s recovery. Before general anesthesia is fully awake, the patient should lie flat and turn the head to the side to prevent suffocation due to backward fall of the tongue and accidental aspiration of vomit. After epidural and lumbar anesthesia surgery, the patient should lie flat for 6 hours to reduce the occurrence of post-anesthesia headache. In addition to this, try to adopt a semi-recumbent position as early as possible, which is the best medical position after abdominal surgery. The semi-recumbent position is conducive to abdominal drainage, allowing postoperative inflammatory exudate to gather in the pelvic cavity and preventing the occurrence of subdiaphragmatic infection, while increasing lung capacity and protecting respiratory system function due to the decline of the diaphragm. Fourth, appropriate early activities in small and medium-sized surgery as early as possible after recovery from anesthesia, the next day after major surgery patients first do flexion and extension of limbs in bed, and then can sit up in bed with the help of medical staff or family members, the afternoon of the next day after surgery can first sit on the edge of the bed, stand on the edge of the bed with assistance, if you feel physical strength, you can leave the bed in the room and walk around, the first time out of bed should not exceed 10 minutes, the day The time of getting out of bed should not exceed 10 minutes for the first time, and should not exceed 1 hour on the same day, after which the time of getting out of bed can be gradually extended. The time of getting out of bed should not be too long, and the number of bed activities can be increased appropriately. Early activity is good for coughing up sputum, preventing crushing pneumonia, reducing the chance of deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs, and facilitating the recovery of gastrointestinal tract and bladder function. V. Minimize painful stimulation reaction Postoperative incisional pain peaks in 24 hours and generally relieves itself after 2-3 days. Most patients think that surgery should be painful, and that it will pass after enduring it. This idea is not conducive to postoperative recovery, as postoperative pain is a major stress response of the organism, and the concept of accelerated recovery requires minimizing and blocking the stress on the patient’s organism. Postoperative pain can also cause psychological anxiety and fear in patients, and may lead to a significant reduction in residual pulmonary air volume due to abdominal pain and affect the function of the respiratory system. Effective postoperative analgesia is very important, and pain should not be tolerated due to misconceptions about the side effects of analgesic drugs. For patients undergoing major abdominal surgery, patient-controlled analgesia pumps should be used as much as possible to reduce the postoperative pain stimulation response. Orally released analgesic drugs with longer duration of action can also be taken. Sixth, the understanding of some common problems The correct understanding of these conditions is conducive to enhancing the confidence of patients to overcome the disease. 1, fever The patient’s body temperature may increase within 2-3 days after surgery, which is a physiological reaction due to the products of tissue cell destruction and decomposition absorbed by the body during the operation, called surgical fever or absorption fever, appropriate fever is beneficial to the body, without special treatment, and can return to normal after 3 days. If the postoperative fever exceeds 38.5 ℃ or fever after fever reduction, should promptly report to the doctor. 2, urinary catheter retention General anesthesia surgery patients should be routinely placed intraoperative urinary catheter, usually the next day after surgery can be removed, the current concept advocates early removal of the urinary catheter to reduce the stress response to the body. However, pelvic surgery may affect the bladder contraction function can be appropriately extended to 2-4 days, some high-risk patients bed urination inconvenience also consider appropriate extension. 3, nausea Post-operative nausea or even vomiting is a common reaction in the recovery process of anesthesia, generally occurring within 2-3 days after surgery, eliminating psychological stress and appropriate bed activities are conducive to the reduction of nausea symptoms. 4, abdominal distension Intestinal peristalsis from the disappearance of anesthesia to complete recovery requires a gradual process, postoperative abdominal distension will gradually feel obvious before the exhaust, and significantly reduced after exhaust. If the abdominal distension is still not exhausted after 3-4 days after surgery and is gradually increasing, it should be promptly explained to the doctor. 5.Coughing up sputum There is more sputum within 2 days after general anesthesia tracheal intubation, so it is necessary to cough up sputum effectively to avoid coughing for fear of incision pain. If the coughing amplitude is large, medical staff or family members can press the abdomen from both sides of the incision to the middle to avoid incision cracking, and if the sputum is not easy to cough out, nebulized inhalation can be used to dilute the sputum to facilitate discharge.