Endometrial polyps and fibroids are both benign diseases of the uterus, but they are different in terms of the location of the lesion, etiology, symptoms, and principles of management. First of all, the location of the disease is different, endometrial polyps are in the uterine cavity, while fibroids can occur in the uterus or in the cervix or between the muscle walls. Secondly, from the etiological point of view, endometrial polyps are caused by high estrogen levels and long-term inflammatory stimulation, while uterine fibroids are related to genetic factors, estrogen and progesterone levels, cytokines and so on. From the analysis of symptoms, endometrial polyps can appear not vaginal irregular bleeding, menorrhagia, menstrual period prolongation, etc.; while uterine fibroids can be palpable lower abdominal mass, with leukorrhea, heavy menstrual period and other symptoms, but also pressure on the surrounding tissues to appear frequent urination, constipation and other phenomena. In principle, endometrial polyps are mainly treated by surgical excision, and fibroids can be treated by medication and surgery.