The main aim of wound management is to reduce the number of rabies viruses and other microorganisms in the wound by mechanical, physical and chemical means, thus reducing the risk of rabies development and other infections, promoting wound healing and early return to function.
Wound irrigation: Thoroughly and effectively irrigate the wound with soapy water (or a weak alkaline cleanser) and running water. For effective irrigation, it is recommended that the wound be irrigated for approximately 15 minutes. To avoid residues of non-sterile water, soap and water or other cleaning agents, rinse the wound with saline at the end.
For best results and to reduce medical risks, it is recommended that the wound is thoroughly irrigated with a Class 2 medical device approved irrigator and a special irrigation solution.
Wound debridement: The medical professional follows the principles of wound debridement to reduce the rate of infection and promote healing through surgical techniques.
Wound disinfection: The wound is disinfected using iodine products or special rinsing solutions or disinfectants.
One-stage suturing of wounds: Because of the high rate of wound infection following animal-inflicted injuries, caution should be taken with one-stage suturing, i.e. suturing the wound after debridement. However, one-stage sutures are recommended for large wounds less than 6 hours old, especially if located on the head and face, and may be considered for dog bite wounds outside the head and face, but not for cat bite wounds.