Currently, there are many domestic and foreign treatments for congenital microphthalmia and anophthalmia. A brief description is as follows: 1. Implantation of solid spherical intraorbital fillers: With intraorbital implantation of spheres, the sunken eye sockets become full immediately after surgery, but the abnormal eye spheres need to be removed. Currently, the most commonly used is hydroxyapatite spheres with different diameters available, which, because of their central porosity, offer the possibility of vascular growth and avoid problems of implant displacement, infection and prolapse. However, some studies have reported a conjunctival lysis rate of 36.84% and an implant exposure rate of 15.70% in children after HA application, which can be quite tricky to manage once these complications occur. There is still more debate on whether to wrap HA before implantation to reduce complications, what material to use for wrapping, and when the best method of repair is used. 2. Dermal fat slices: They are mostly taken from the buttocks of the child and can grow with the child to meet the needs of the orbital soft tissues, stimulate the increase of orbital volume, make the periorbital area symmetrical and develop without rejection of the autologous tissue, thus being superior to various artificial fillers. The disadvantages are: the removal of the abnormal eye requires surgical extraction outside the eye, etc. Although dermal fat slices can grow in early childhood, they can shrink in older children. Therefore, dermal fat sheet implants are only indicated for children under 5 years of age, especially for children under 3 years of age with anophthalmia. 3, intraorbital expander: In the past 30 years, expanders have been widely used in plastic surgery all over the body. The volume of the expander can gradually increase and can be artificially controlled, and is mainly used to provide patients with their own skin donor of extremely similar color, texture, and elasticity without causing obvious scarring or other deformities in the donor area. Inspired by this, ophthalmologists over the past 16 years have gradually drawn on its application to stimulate the development of the orbit, i.e., the intraorbital tissue expander. However, unlike skin expansion in other parts of the body, the use of dilators in the orbit has its own insurmountable limitations. This is because this procedure is more complicated to perform. Although the postoperative procedure is easy and can be done either in the hospital or at home, the poor compliance of the parents of most children directly affects the outcome of the procedure. 4.Osmolarity-dependent self-expanding dilator: The intraorbital osmolarity-dependent dilator has been successfully used in Germany for nearly 10 years and has started to receive attention and attempts in the United States in recent years. It has the following characteristics: (1) It is a highly hydrophilic polymer composed of vinylpyrrolidone and methanolic isobutyric acid, also known as hydrogel, which expands by absorbing water by osmotic pressure difference. (2) It is placed in the orbital or conjunctival sac in a dry, dehydrated, contracted state and reaches its maximum volume of approximately 9.6 times its initial volume within a few weeks. (3) Its expansion rate can be set at the time of production and can be controlled in advance. (4) In the dehydrated state, it can also be made in any shape and size. (5) It is mostly used for manufacturing contact lenses and IOLs, and its histocompatibility is significantly stronger than that of the high-pressure balloon-like expanders described earlier. (6) The hydrophilic hydrogel expander basically has the conditions of an ideal expander and has been widely used in recent years in whole-body plastic surgery. 5, simply wear a prosthetic eye piece: For children with eye removal and eye dysplasia and complete loss of vision, a gradually enlarged acrylic prosthetic eye piece can be worn directly in the conjunctival sac. Some researchers have observed that regular replacement of the appropriate prosthetic eye piece can play a role in expanding the conjunctival sac, increasing tissue width, stimulating eyelid development and increasing orbital volume.