Allopurinol tablets can be taken for a long time. As a uric acid lowering drug, allopurinol needs to be taken orally for a long period of time in order to achieve a reduction in blood uric acid and to maintain long-term uric acid levels at the target. However, allopurinol tablets are generally recommended for maintenance therapy at the lowest possible dose, the lower the dose of allopurinol taken orally, the better, as long as the target blood uric acid level can be achieved. During the long-term use of allopurinol, patients need to be monitored at the hospital for liver function and blood count for any liver damage or reduced white blood cells. In addition, due to the extremely high rate of HLA-b5801 positivity for the Han Chinese allele, patients with this type of positive gene have a high risk of hypersensitivity reactions when taking allopurinol and are generally advised to discontinue it, so it is best to test for the gene HLA-b5801 when taking allopurinol initially.