Type 1 diabetes is related to autoimmunity and has a rapid onset, with adolescents having a more rapid onset and obvious symptoms, while adults have a more insidious onset, but the disease deteriorates rapidly under infection or other stressful conditions. The cause and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus is complex and has not yet been fully clarified, but it is mainly caused by the joint participation of genetic and environmental factors in this disease. The cause of type 1 diabetes can be divided into five periods The first period is mainly the period of genetics your infection, research has found that type 1 diabetes is related to certain specific population histocompatibility antigens, but the susceptibility genes only confer the individual susceptibility to the disease, the period power generation depends on the joint participation of multiple susceptibility genes and the influence of environmental factors. The second phase mainly initiates the autoimmune response, and viral infection is one of the most important environmental factors that initiate the autoimmune response of a b-cell. The relevant viruses are mumps virus, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, encephalitis myocarditis virus, etc. After these viruses infect the organism with some susceptibility genes, they cause diabetes by directly damaging the islet tissue, or after damaging the islet tissue, they induce an autoimmune These viruses can cause diabetes by directly damaging the islet tissue, or after damaging the islet tissue, they can induce autoimmune reaction and further damage the islet tissue, causing diabetes. Phase III immunological abnormalities, it is currently believed that type one diabetes mellitus undergoes a period of pre-diabetes before the onset of the disease, stimulating normal insulin secretion function, but the internal hammer body immune response activity period, the patient’s blood appears a group of autoantibodies, including islet cell autoantibodies, insulin autoantibodies and glutamate decarboxylation autoantibodies. The fourth stage Jinxian County has a few must to loss of function, this period appears insulin secretion phase I reduced, the number of b cells decreased, blood sugar gradually increased. The fifth stage is clinical diabetes, stimulating the patient has obvious hyperglycemia and some or typical symptoms of diabetes. For diabetes, we have a general understanding that diabetic patients should master the specific requirements and measures of dietary treatment, such as calorie control, reasonable meal preparation, regular meals, food selection’s, and patients master the basic methods of dietary control by observing the supply of diet and the main food matching methods during hospitalization, in order to effectively control our blood sugar and increase our life.