γ-Glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) is widely distributed in human tissues, most in kidney, followed by pancreas and liver, and most in liver in embryonic stage, and in liver mainly in hepatocyte plasma and intrahepatic bile duct epithelium. In normal human serum, γ-GT mainly comes from the liver, and the normal value is 3 to 50 U/L. This enzyme is only mildly to moderately elevated in acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis and hepatic stiffness loss. However, when obstructive jaundice, this enzyme is backflowed into the blood due to the obstruction of excretion, and in primary liver cancer, this enzyme is hyper-synthesized in the liver, which can cause a significant increase in blood transpeptidase, even up to 10 times more than normal. γ-GT is also significantly elevated in alcoholic patients, which helps to diagnose alcoholic liver disease. The common reasons for high γ-glutamyl transpeptidase are: 1. In chronic active hepatitis, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase is often higher than normal by 1 to 2 times, such as long-term elevation, there may be a tendency of liver necrosis. 2.In acute viral hepatitis, the enzyme synthesis of hepatocytes adjacent to the necrotic area is hyperactive, causing the elevation of serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. 3.The change of serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in cirrhosis depends on the activity of intrahepatic lesions and their etiology. 4.Alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis patients almost all have elevated γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, which becomes an important feature of alcoholic liver disease. 5, fatty liver patients γ-glutamyl transpeptidase is also often elevated, but generally most of the serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase activity does not exceed two times the normal value. In patients with primary or metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma, most of the enzymes are moderately or highly increased, which can be several times or even tens of times greater than normal, while other system tumors are mostly normal. 7.When intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile duct obstruction occurs, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase excretion is blocked and flows back to blood with bile, resulting in the rise of serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase. When γ-glutamyl transpeptidase is high, don’t panic because it may be caused by physiological reasons. It is best to go to a regular hospital after a week for a review of the elevated gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to ensure the accuracy of the test results. If γ-glutamyl transpeptidase is still higher than the normal value, further examination of hepatitis B five items, hepatitis B HBV-DNA test, liver function test, B ultrasound test, methemoglobin test should be done to fully understand the condition and finally targeted treatment. Reminder: Please pay attention to the high γ-glutamyl transpeptidase to avoid aggravating the disease and delaying the treatment Clinical significance (1) In primary or metastatic liver cancer, GGT in blood is obviously increased. The reason for this is the increase of GGT produced by cancer cells and the inflammatory stimulating effect of cancer tissue itself or its surrounding, which increases the permeability of hepatocyte membrane, resulting in the increase of GGT in blood. (2) Obstructive jaundice, acute hepatitis, active chronic hepatitis, biliary tract infection and cirrhosis of the liver can all increase GGT. (3)Other diseases such as myocardial infarction, acute pancreatitis and certain drugs can increase GGT in blood. In summary: Glutathione acyltransferase (γ-GT), normal value is 50 units. It can be elevated in acute hepatitis B, but it will drop after lasting for about 1 month; if it is elevated for a long time without dropping, it may transform to chronic hepatitis. Chronic hepatitis B can sometimes be 200 units or higher and does not disappear easily, and there is a lack of special effects to make it go down. Other conditions such as alcoholic liver disease, fatty liver, gallstone disease, intrahepatic bile duct stones, etc. can also be elevated; jaundice can also be elevated when it does not subside for a long time (cholestasis). It should be noted that if liver cancer occurs, the rise of γ-GT can reach more than 1 0 times of the normal value, and the elevated value must be analyzed in conjunction with other clinical data.