Clinically, neuroblastoma mostly refers to neuroblastoma, the most common extracranial tumor in children. Neuroblastoma occurs in children between the ages of 4 and 9 years and most often occurs in the adrenal gland or neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis. For example, most neuroblastomas in the abdominal cavity present with intractable constipation, most neuroblastomas in the thoracic cavity present with significant respiratory effort and difficulty in breathing, and neuroblastomas in the spinal cord primarily result in motor dysfunction of the limbs. At present, the cause of neuroblastoma is not fully understood. The specific causes of neuroblastoma are not yet fully understood, but are considered to be related to genetic factors and acquired factors.