Multiple hepatic cysts are generally referred to as simple multiple hepatic cysts, which is a relatively common congenital benign disease of the liver. Simple multiple hepatic cysts originate from abnormal intrahepatic bile duct development in the late stages of embryonic biliary lineage development, with a similar incidence in both sexes, and are usually not associated with polycystic kidneys or cysts in the spleen, pancreas, or ovaries. Multiple scattered cysts in the liver, the number of cysts is small and isolated, and the size of the cysts varies. Most patients with simple multiple hepatic cysts do not develop clinical symptoms throughout their lives because the size of the cysts usually stabilizes after they form, remains unchanged throughout life, and rarely causes liver damage. In a few patients, the cysts grow slowly in some cases. In a very small number of patients, clinical symptoms can sometimes be triggered by large cyst size, cyst rupture, intracystic hemorrhage, or intracystic infection. For the treatment of simple multiple hepatic cysts with clinical symptoms, the appropriate treatment should be chosen according to the location of the cysts and the condition of the abdominal cavity.