Myasthenia gravis refers to myasthenia gravis of the ocular muscle type, which manifests as symmetrical or asymmetrical ptosis and/or diplopia.
Myasthenia gravis is an acquired autoimmune disease primarily associated with autoantibody-mediated damage to postsynaptic membrane acetylcholine receptors. Skeletal muscles throughout the body can be involved, characterized by fluctuating weakness and easy fatigability, with symptoms that are mild in the morning and severe in the evening, aggravated by activity and relieved by rest.
Ocular myasthenia gravis is the least severe form of myasthenia gravis, accounting for 15% to 20% of patients with severe myasthenia gravis. The lesions are limited to the extraocular muscles, with ptosis and diplopia, and may be bilateral or unilateral.
Patients with myasthenia gravis often have a combination of other autoimmune diseases such as hyperthyroidism, thyroiditis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and pemphigus.
Those diagnosed with myasthenia gravis should be treated with standardized medications under the guidance of a physician and avoid the use of drugs that induce myasthenia gravis weakness.