Nephritis is mainly characterized by hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, edema and other symptoms.
1. Hematuria: there can be transient hematuria in the naked eye and microscopic hematuria in urine examination. Most of the hematuria is caused by glomerular damage.
2. Proteinuria: proteinuria is often manifested as increased urine foam, positive urine protein qualitative test or urine protein quantitative more than 150 mg/d.
3. Hypertension: Hypertension is a common clinical manifestation of renal disease, therefore, all hypertensive patients should be carefully examined for renal disease, especially young patients. Sodium retention is the main pathogenesis of renal hypertension; in addition, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system also plays an important role in its pathogenesis.
4. Edema: Edema is one of the common clinical manifestations of renal disease. Nephrotic edema mostly appears in the lax tissues, such as eyelids; sagging parts of the body, such as ankles and anterior tibial area; and most likely to appear in the sacrococcygeal area in the case of prolonged bed rest.
Patients with nephritis may also have other symptoms, it is recommended to go to the regular hospital in a timely manner, improve the examination to clarify the cause of the disease, under the guidance of the doctor to give targeted treatment or therapy.