With the advent of the electronic computer era, “small glasses” can be seen everywhere on the road and in the park. As children nowadays are under stress and pressure to study, they also have heavy learning tasks outside the classroom, such as playing the piano and learning English, which makes the prescription of these “little glasses” deepen year by year. This makes many parents are very headache. So, how should children and adolescents with myopia be properly treated? The methods and means of treatment vary by age, but children and adolescents under the age of 18 cannot undergo surgery because their growth and development are not complete and their myopia is not stable. Commonly used correction methods are as follows: First, there are the familiar frame glasses. If a child finds it difficult to see the blackboard, or often “squinting”, it is evidence of vision loss. It is important to go to the hospital for a dilated eye exam. Children under the age of 10 should be examined after three days with atropine eye drops, and after 20 days the pupil will shrink back to normal and the test will be repeated to determine the number of lenses worn. Children over the age of 10 can have their pupils dilated with tropicamide or medrolimus, and then they can be retested the next day. After the glasses, but also regular check-ups in the hospital, generally for three months to six months, if wearing glasses vision decline, but also need to replace the appropriate glasses. So, if parents do not want to give their children glasses, but also to control the development of myopia, there is a good way? In the past, there have been acupuncture, eye drops, acupressure and other methods, but once discontinued, myopia or return to the original state, so it is “labor”, but also have to wear “small glasses”. The introduction of “corneal shaping lenses” makes the dream of myopic children to get rid of their glasses come true, and its biggest advantage is that it can control the development of myopia. According to clinical studies at Peking University, patients who applied keratoplasty lenses saw an increase of 8 degrees per year, while those who did not increased by 67 degrees per year. These glasses were developed as early as the 1960s and began to be fully used in clinical practice by the 1990s. Currently, it has been developed to the fourth generation, and the lenses are made of Boston Xo material imported from the United States, which makes the lenses have better oxygen permeability with a DK value of 100, making them less prone to corneal edema and corneal rim neovascularization caused by conventional soft corneal contact lenses. Why can keratomileusis eliminate myopia? The principle lies in the fact that the inner surface of the lens is composed of several curved segments, with an uneven distribution of the tear layer between the lens and the cornea. The resulting hydrodynamic effect changes the geometry of the cornea, flattening the center and shortening the eye axis, thus reducing or even eliminating myopia. These lenses are suitable not only for children and adolescents under 18 years of age, but also for other patients with low myopia who are not suitable for refractive surgery. It is similar to normal contact lenses in terms of fitting and maintenance, and it is easier to clean and more durable, generally each pair of lenses can be worn for 2 to 3 years. The only difference is that it is worn at night, unknowingly treating myopia in your sleep and bringing your daytime naked eye vision to 1.0. So how should myopia patients over the age of 18 choose their treatment? Of course, if there is no discomfort with wearing frame glasses, or if they are not aesthetically pleasing, you can continue to wear frame glasses. If you find it unattractive, or inconvenient to exercise, or have refractive error, you can choose to wear soft contact lenses. If there is greater astigmatism, you may choose rigid corneal contact lenses. However, there are some complications associated with wearing corneal contact lenses, such as conjunctival papillary hyperplasia, conjunctival inflammation, corneal ulcers, corneal vascular opacification, corneal edema, etc. Therefore, in addition to cleanliness and care, if you have eye discomfort, you should go to the hospital for examination and treatment to reduce the occurrence of complications. So, what are the options for surgical treatment? Currently, the most popular and recognized surgical method is excimer laser myopia correction. Depending on the patient’s condition, different surgical procedures are available. The most commonly used procedure is excimer laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK for short). This surgical procedure simply involves making a corneal flap of 130 to 160 microns with a micro lamellar keratome, flipping it, laser cutting in the corneal stroma, rinsing it, and then resetting the flap. Postoperative antibiotics and hormonal eye drops are ordered. The biggest advantages of this procedure are short surgery time, less postoperative pain, faster vision recovery, fewer complications, high safety and predictability, and the ability to correct myopia up to 1,500 degrees and astigmatism up to 500 degrees. Therefore, most myopic patients can be corrected by this procedure. However, for patients with thin corneas and deep myopia, epithelial subclavian keratomileusis (epi-LASIK or LASEK for short) can be used. In this procedure, an epithelial flap is created using an epithelial knife or alcohol, and after laser cutting of the cornea, the epithelial flap is repositioned and bandaged corneal contact lenses are worn. However, post-operative vision recovery is slower, a few patients experience pain and discomfort, and antibiotics and hormonal eye drops are ordered for a longer period of time, about 4 months. Of course, patients with ultra-high myopia (1500 degrees or more) can also undergo lens surgery, such as IOL implantation and clear lens removal in crystalline eyes. However, since it is an inner eye surgery, there are relatively more post-operative complications, and the surgery is more expensive, and the lens needs to be customized abroad, so it is not widely accepted by patients yet. In conclusion, China is a large country in terms of myopia incidence, and the age of myopia incidence has a tendency to be younger. Therefore, parents and teachers should pay more attention to children’s eyesight, with prevention as the main focus and active treatment attitude to deal with this stubborn disease, early control of myopia progression, after the development of appropriate treatment, is a good way to remove the “little glasses”.