What is Parkinson’s disease?
Parkinson’s disease is also known as “tremor palsy”, Parkinson’s disease or Parkinson’s disease. Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease that commonly occurs in middle-aged and older adults, mostly after the age of 60. It is characterized by slow movements, tremors in the arms and legs or other parts of the body, and loss of flexibility and stiffness. The first systematic description of the disease was made by the British internist Jemma Parkinson. Parkinson’s disease was first described systematically by a British physician, Jemma Parkinson, when it was not known what category of disease it should be classified as, and was called “tremor palsy”. Parkinson’s disease is the fourth most common neurodegenerative disease in the elderly, affecting 1% of people aged ≥65 years and 0.4% of people aged >40 years.
What are the main signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease?
Tremor, muscle rigidity, motor slowing, specific postures, pain, excessive sebaceous gland secretion, manifestation of greasy face; constipation, urinary urgency; upright hypotension, dementia, depression, etc.
What is the cause of Parkinson’s disease?
The disease is mainly caused by pathological changes in the cells located in the striatum nigra of the midbrain, which reduces the synthesis of dopamine, reduces the function of acetylcholine inhibition, and increases the excitatory effect of acetylcholine. The result of the imbalance between the two is “tremor palsy. The cause of the degenerative necrosis of nigrostriatal cells is still unknown and may be related to genetic and environmental factors. It is thought that inadequate intake of protein, fruit, dairy products, alcohol, trauma, overexertion and certain psychological factors may be risk factors for the disease.
What surgical treatments are available for Parkinson’s?
Cytoknife surgery: that is, thalamus and pallidum destruction In recent years, with the development of microelectrode guided orientation technology, the positioning accuracy has reached 0.1mm and entered into the cellular level to achieve accurate functional localization, determine the relationship between the electrode and each structure of the thalamus and pallidum and the adjacent optic tract and internal capsule, which helps to find the neurons causing tremor and increased muscle tone. With this method of target identification, the procedure is more effective and improves PD motor symptoms, especially motor retardation, and rarely produces complications such as visual impairment.
Deep Brain Stimulator (DBS), commonly known as “brain stimulator” or “brain stimulator”, is the most advanced technology in the international medical community for the treatment of functional brain diseases since the 21st century. DBS is a type of neuromodulation in which stimulation electrodes are implanted in the human brain, and the stimulation parameters of the electrodes are regulated by a remote control device outside the body to control and improve symptoms such as tremor, bradykinesia, cogwheel-like muscle tonus and postural dysreflexia.
Brain cell transplantation and gene therapy Brain cell transplantation and gene therapy for Parkinson’s disease have been very successful in animal experiments, but recent clinical studies have shown that embryonic brain transplantation only slightly improves symptoms in patients under 60 years of age, and 50% of patients experience the side effect of involuntary movements after the procedure; therefore, this procedure is not yet suitable for general adoption. Gene therapy is still in the laboratory stage.
What should patients with Parkinson’s be aware of when taking medication?
1. Many patients with Parkinson’s disease often take Medopa or Xanax after meals like other medications, and often end up with poor results, thinking that the medication is not right. Even many neurologists are not quite sure if taking it. In fact, it should be taken about half an hour before a meal, so as to avoid high protein inhibiting the absorption of dopa after the meal.
2, in addition, many people also believe that a chronic disease should be “supplemented”. There are often patients taking dopa preparations at the same time, the patient is given high-protein foods such as snapper. As a result, the patient is not strong up, but the disease is repeated, the symptoms worsen. Parkinson’s disease itself is not contraindicated, should be arranged in line with the principle of a balanced diet diet.
3, for Parkinson’s disease patients with normal chewing ability, you can refer to the diet structure of normal people; for patients with poor chewing ability and digestive function, they should be given soft food, semi-liquid food and fluid according to the situation to ensure the intake of calories, proteins, vitamins and minerals.
4, Parkinson’s disease patients generally take levodopa drugs, this drug has a characteristic: it will combine with the protein in food and affect the absorption, so taking the drug must be separated from the time of eating meat and dairy products. For example, the protein content in milk has an effect on the absorption of levodopa drugs and can reduce their efficacy, so it is recommended to drink milk at night before going to bed.
5. In addition, it is recommended to use vegetable oil to cook food. As for foods such as cereals, vegetables and fruits, they have less effect on levodopa and can be consumed without worry.
How to take care of Parkinson’s patients?
Parkinson’s disease is not a scary disease for the elderly, and like other diseases, there are ways to take care of it on a daily basis. The aerobic exercise regimen is a great way to get relief from Parkinson’s disease in the elderly.
1, regular aerobic exercise including brisk walking, jogging, swimming, pedaling, yoga and so on, these exercises can make our mood calm and happy, away from the insomnia trouble.
2, if you can adhere to four times a week, each time 30D40 minutes of low-intensity aerobic exercise, 16 weeks later, people who never exercise before will be half the time to fall asleep, the total sleep time will be extended by one hour, which can improve the brain and memory, attention and other cognitive function-related chemical levels, thereby enhancing cognitive function.
3, adhere to a regular aerobic exercise, you can make you work when the “light” flash, a constant stream of good ideas.
4, there are certain skills of complex sports, including ball games, jazz, Latin dance, etc., they require the coordination of multiple parts of the body, to help exercise the control of the brain. In these sports, often need to use the brain to think, for example, baseball players in the pitching need to think about how to use the subtle movements of the arm to throw a variety of unpredictable ball; dancers not only dance body, but also inject emotions, a look, an expression are designed; dart movement, the brain closely with the left and right hemispheres, eye, heart, hand coordination.