Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors in female reproductive organs, mainly caused by the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, so they are also called uterine smooth muscle tumors. It is commonly seen in women aged 30-50 years old and is rare in women under 20 years old. Patients with uterine fibroids have no or few symptoms, but the common clinical symptoms are excessive menstruation or incomplete menstruation, prolonged menstruation, lumps in the lower abdomen, increased leucorrhea, and in some patients, lower abdominal cramps and back pain. The cause of uterine fibroids may be related to female sex hormones, such as high estrogen or progesterone levels in the body; some patients are related to genetic factors, and most have a family history of uterine fibroids. According to the location of fibroids in the uterus, there are three types of fibroids: interstitial fibroids, subplasmic fibroids and submucosal fibroids. Interstitial fibroids: The uterine wall is divided into plasma layer, myometrium layer and mucosal layer from outside to inside, and the fibroids located between myometrium layer and mucosal layer are called interstitial fibroids, which are surrounded by myometrium layer and are the most common type of fibroids. Subplasma fibroids: The outermost layer of the uterine wall is called the plasma layer. Subplasma fibroids grow toward the most superficial layer of the uterus and protrude from the surface of the uterus, and the surface of the fibroids is only covered by a thin layer of plasma membrane. These fibroids may fall out of the uterus and fall into the pelvis. Submucosal fibroids: The innermost layer of the uterine wall is the mucosal layer, and submucosal fibroids are the least common among the three types. Submucosal fibroids are the least common of the three types. They grow into the uterine cavity and protrude from the uterine cavity, with the surface covered only by the mucosal layer. Submucosal fibroids tend to cause contraction of the uterus, and patients often experience abdominal cramping or pain. If the fibroids are large, they can be pushed out of the cervical opening and protrude into the vagina. Fibroids are often multiple, and various types of fibroids can occur in one uterus. Ultrasound can show the size and location of fibroids more clearly and is the most commonly used clinical aid to confirm the diagnosis of fibroids.