What are the rehabilitation exercises for stroke patients

  Immediately after a stroke, it is best for the patient to take the healthy side of the bed. Facing the healthy side, do not let it twist backward; followed by the affected side and supine position, constantly changing the position can make the extensor and flexor muscle tension of the limb reach balance and prevent spasm. Attention should be paid to avoid the semi-sitting position as much as possible. The patient’s family can perform passive joint exercises for the patient to promote blood circulation and increase sensory input to the limbs.  When the patient is conscious and the vital signs are stable for about 1 week, active rehabilitation training can be started. This is one of the most basic trunk function training. Because the trunk is governed by bilateral cone bundles, paralysis is generally incomplete and recovery is faster.  2.Let the patient practice sitting up from the healthy side or the affected side, which should be done at the same time with the turning training, and pay attention not to let the patient sit with his back against the object.  3.Standing training should be started after the patient can sit independently. After the patient can stand alone, let the patient gradually shift the weight to the affected leg and train the weight-bearing ability of the affected leg.  4.Walking training can be started only when the patient can stand and balance independently, hold more than 75% of the weight of the affected leg, and can step forward. For most patients, it is not advisable to use a cane too early to avoid affecting the training of the affected side. Before walking training, practice alternate forward and backward strides and weight transfer of both legs.  5. Start occupational therapy after the patient is able to sit independently, which includes daily living ability training, such as eating, personal hygiene, dressing, bathing, doing housework, and participating in craft activities.  In addition, physical therapy and acupuncture treatment should be carried out, because functional electrical stimulation, biofeedback and acupuncture are useful for increasing sensory input and promoting functional recovery and motor control.  Language rehabilitation training for stroke patients 1. Rehabilitation of oral expression: First, training of tongue muscles, facial muscles, soft consternation and vocal cord movement is required to restore the function of language muscles. The easiest way to train pronunciation is to combine it with daily life so that the patient can talk to people.  2.The rehabilitation method for auditory comprehension disorder is to teach the patient to see the connection between the trainer’s mouth and lip movements and sound when pronouncing, and to match with objects or diagrams to achieve comprehension.  3.Rehabilitation for word comprehension: Patients should be taught to look at objects or drawings, or be trained to read aloud by pointing to words and repeating them.  4. Rehabilitation training for writing: It should start with writing the patient’s name and gradually move to copying words and phrases until writing short essays, using the left hand. The above training should be carried out using the language functions still retained. If an elderly person suffers from stroke aphasia but can still sing, he or she should be encouraged to sing. After 2-6 months of training, aphasic symptoms can be restored to varying degrees, but as long as language is not fully restored, rehabilitation training should still be adhered to. Some patients even take 5 years before their language function is fully restored. Language rehabilitation training is best done at home with the help of family members. It is more effective than in the hospital because there is no interference and it can be integrated with daily life. Because of the different social and cultural backgrounds of the elderly with stroke, language rehabilitation is more effective when done one-on-one.  In conclusion, the effectiveness of language and motor rehabilitation in stroke patients depends on the level of concern of family members. Therefore, in general, stroke patients who live with their children recover faster than those who do not live with their children. In addition, physiotherapy, ultrasound therapy, acupuncture, neurometabolic drugs, and herbal therapy can be used to promote blood circulation and blood stasis, and to facilitate the rehabilitation of stroke.