Smooth muscle sarcoma is prone to local recurrence and distant metastasis, and the local recurrence rate is about 21% five years after surgery. Smooth muscle sarcoma is a soft tissue tumor with a high degree of malignancy, and the most important prognostic factors are the site and size of the tumor, which occurs in the retroperitoneum and has a large tumor size, and if it cannot be completely resected by surgery, the risk of local recurrence and metastasis will be increased. Some reports show that the 5-year local recurrence rate of smooth muscle sarcoma is about 21%, and the 5-year distant metastasis rate is higher, about 47%, with a poorer prognosis. Patients with smooth muscle sarcoma after surgery must go to regular hospitals for regular review, keep an eye on the changes in the condition, and intervene in time to fight for the chance of survival.