Radiofrequency ablation for tachyarrhythmias

  Our normal heart rate is between 60 and 100 beats per minute, if it is less than 60 beats per minute, it is called bradycardia, if it is more than 100 beats per minute, it is called tachycardia, drinking alcohol, emotional excitement can cause tachycardia, but generally will not exceed 150 beats per minute, there is a pathological reaction, the heart rate can be 180-250 beats per minute, serious life-threatening. Tachycardia can cause panic, shortness of breath, drop in blood pressure, and even fainting. Prolonged tachycardia can also lead to cardiac insufficiency, especially in certain occupations, such as drivers and those working at height, where tachycardia can be very dangerous.  What are the causes of tachycardia?  Let’s talk about the normal cardiac conduction system and the sequence of excitation, which includes the sinus node, the atrioventricular node, the bundle of Hirschsprung and the right and left bundle branch systems. The sinus node is the commander of electrical excitation generation, which sends excitation to the atria and ventricles, followed by mechanical contraction of the heart. Atrioventricular bypass causes atrioventricular fold tachycardia related to congenital factors. An abnormal bypass exists between the atria and the ventricles, where the normal heart conducts from the top down and in a unidirectional manner, while the presence of a bypass causes conduction from the bottom up, leading to tachycardia. Atrioventricular node regurgitation tachycardia is caused by the presence of an abnormal regurgitant loop in the atrioventricular node, and is collectively referred to as supraventricular tachycardia.  How can this disease be treated?  In the past, this type of tachycardia could only be treated with medication, and it was easy to recur after treatment. In recent years, radiofrequency ablation has been developed to cure this disease. As the name suggests, radiofrequency ablation is the application of radiofrequency current to treat tachycardia. Radiofrequency current is an alternating current with a frequency of 100-1000 KHz. During treatment, a venipuncture catheter with electrodes is applied to record the electrical activity of the heart in order to find the lesion. This lesion is very small in extent, usually within a few millimeters, and the external end of the catheter is connected to the radiofrequency ablation instrument and heated by a low-energy discharge at the lesion via the electrode catheter. This thermal effect can produce limited coagulative necrosis of the lesion to achieve radical cure of tachycardia, with a cure rate of more than 95%. Radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive procedure that does not require an incision, but only local anesthesia at the puncture site, during which the patient is awake and can walk on the floor 24 hours after the procedure. Therefore, this treatment method is safe, less painful, less side effects and lower recurrence rate, and is the preferred method for the radical treatment of tachyarrhythmia.