The clinical significance of autoantibody testing for diabetes is significant as a typing indicator when diabetes is poorly typed, delayed autoimmune diabetes or when the patient does not conform to the manifestation of type 2 diabetes; to assess the risk of developing type 1 diabetes in patients with gestational diabetes; and to screen for possible early type 1 diabetes in high-risk populations, etc. Autoantibody testing for diabetes is required. Autoantibodies include: i. Anti-human insulin antibody (IAA), which is currently considered one of the important antibodies for type 1 diabetes, is used as an important marker for screening and early diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, and has a sensitivity of 49%-90% for the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. Second, anti-islet cell antibody (lCA) is a highly sensitive and specific indicator for the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes. In children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, its sensitivity is as high as 70%-90%, and as an indicator of diabetes typing, the positive rate of newly discovered type 1 diabetes can reach 80%. Third, anti-tyrosine phosphatase antibodies, also known as islet antigen 2 antibodies (IA-2A), are usually combined with autoimmune antibodies associated with type 1 diabetes, which can greatly improve the detection rate of type 1 diabetes. Fourth, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GAD), has a high detection rate in the detection of type 1 diabetes. In conclusion, diabetic autoantibody testing is the basis for diabetes typing.