Headache and vomiting in children can be caused by acute gastroenteritis, migraine, and increased intracranial pressure. Acute gastroenteritis manifested as headache, vomiting, fever, diarrhea, etc., mostly caused by improper diet, overeating and other factors. Migraine manifests as recurrent headache accompanied by vomiting, but the vomiting is not violent, and the headache is obviously relieved after vomiting, which can be induced by emotional excitement, excessive stress and other factors. Increased intracranial pressure can be seen in cerebral edema, craniocerebral injury, brain abscess, etc. Headache worsens with the increase of intracranial pressure, headache can be accompanied by nausea and vomiting when it is severe, and the vomiting is projectile. If the child has a headache and vomiting symptoms, we should consult the doctor in time, identify the cause of the disease and then carry out regular treatment.