The relationship between diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy Diabetes mellitus is one of the diseases that seriously affect human life and health today. Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common and serious chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, and is the main cause of end-stage renal disease receiving renal replacement therapy. Diabetic retinopathy is a common diabetic microvascular complication and one of the major blindness-causing factors in various eye diseases. 17.6% of people over 20 years old have diabetic retinopathy and 34.1% of people over 40 years old have diabetic retinopathy, of which 4.5% have proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is 30%-50% among diabetic patients in China. Patients with diabetic retinopathy can predict the occurrence of their diabetic nephropathy, and the presence of diabetic retinopathy is a strong support point for the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy share common pathogenesis, such as hyperglycemia, polyol pathway, protein non-enzymatic glycation, cytokines and genetic factors play a very important role, so it is necessary to correctly understand the interrelationship between diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy, strengthen the screening of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy high-risk groups, so as to carry out active prevention and effective intervention for diabetic microvascular complications. The active prevention and effective intervention of diabetic microvascular complications.