The pathological basis of pediatric epilepsy is mainly the abnormal discharge of brain cell clusters, which is closely related to abnormal brain energy metabolism, and genetic mutations can affect ion channel function and trigger epilepsy. Epilepsy belongs to a common pediatric neurological disease, and its pathogenesis is affected by a variety of factors. Gene mutations can affect ion channel action, which can trigger epilepsy. Some studies have pointed out that mutations in genes encoding neuronal ion channels are associated with epilepsy syndromes, which can promote excitatory neurofactor release, increase ion channel function, attenuate neurotransmitter action, and trigger epilepsy. For example, mutations in the CaBP4 gene can affect the CaBP4 protein (a neuronal calcium connexin), a change that has been associated with the development of epilepsy. Pediatric epilepsy, should go to the hospital as early as possible to receive formal treatment.