One day in April this year, 5-year-old Xiaoming fever, cough, go to the hospital for 3 days after infusion, heat does not subside in the hospital, the hospital to Xiaoming chest X-ray, diagnosed as bronchopneumonia. The doctor gave Xiaoming intravenous infusion of cephalosporin III drugs, a week past the condition did not improve but more serious. At this time, sputum culture results came out to be Klebsiella pneumoniae, so the doctor was very surprised that the drug sensitivity test: children commonly used cephalosporin generation, second generation, third generation, and erythromycin class all resistant, and then do the drug sensitivity test, but fortunately, vancomycin is sensitive to the drug. After treatment with vancomycin, Xiao Ming’s fever gradually subsided, his cough disappeared, and he was discharged from the hospital. Why was Xiao Ming resistant to so many commonly used drugs this time? It turns out that Xiaoming is prone to respiratory illnesses since childhood, and often suffers from colds, fever, tonsillitis, etc. Whenever he has a fever, his mother gets nervous. Once there is a fever, mom will be nervous and anxious, take Xiaoming to the hospital with antibiotic infusion treatment, even a little runny, cough a few, mom also asked the doctor to give Xiaoming intravenous antibiotics or self-administered antibiotics, in the words of his mother, Xiaoming almost every day in the medication. As a result, due to the long-term use of antibiotics, drug resistance has arisen. It is reasonable to say that ordinary pneumonia can be cured by ordinary antibiotics. Children’s abuse of antibiotics is harmful to many children’s diseases belong to infectious diseases, such as common colds, upper respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, skin infections, but they caused by the infectious agent is different, the upper respiratory tract 80-90% of viral infections, while the urinary tract is bacterial infections. For example, most of the colds belong to viral infections, there are no special drugs, just symptomatic treatment, do not need to use antibiotics. However, many parents of children with colds habitually buy some cold medicine in the drugstore, and at the same time add a little antibiotic to use, and even to the hospital to ask for an infusion with antibiotics. In fact, antibiotics at this time is not useful, is a waste and abuse. If it is a bacterial infection, antibiotics should be used to fight bacteria. Antibiotics are no exception to the rule of three poisons. When antibiotics enter the human body, they can cause a lot of adverse reactions while exerting their therapeutic effects. We all know that each antibiotic has different degrees of harm to the human body. For example, children who use gentamicin and butyl kanamycin will become deaf and mute, and adults who use them may have kidney problems. There are also erythromycin and tetracycline, which can cause liver damage when used in large quantities, and children who use them may have problems with the development of teeth and bones. The adverse reactions caused by each type of antibiotic are varied and involve basically every organ and system in the body, except that each drug has a different focus. Misuse and unregulated use of antibiotics can cause bacterial resistance. Some children who use antibiotics frequently suffer greatly once they become seriously ill because long-term use of antibiotics makes the body’s germs resistant and most medicines are ineffective. Xiao Ming’s story is because the germs have developed resistance to the drugs making them less effective. Some parents think expensive is better. Antibiotics are definitely not the more expensive the better, for example, there are as many as ten kinds of germs caused by the same disease, such as bronchitis, pneumonia, antibiotics for infected bacteria are effective, and its price can be more than 10 dollars a piece. There are also parents who think that the fast-acting ones are better. After using ordinary antibiotics for a day or two and seeing no significant improvement, they switch to other antibiotics or use other antibiotics in combination. Such practices will easily lead to antibiotic resistance. In fact, for acute infections, antibiotics usually take 3 to 5 days to work. Please remember that the principle of using antibiotics is to use the lower level not the higher level, and to use one to solve the problem not two. Also some parents take them irregularly. Most parents know that too much antibiotic is not good, so they often take it upon themselves to reduce the dosage when there is some relief. In fact, the efficacy of most antibiotics depends on the concentration of antibiotics in the body to reach a certain level, if not, not only can not be completely sterilized, but also will make the bacteria develop resistance. Increasing the dosage in order to restore your health as soon as possible can have the same effect. How to use antibiotics correctly? It means that you should use it rationally under the guidance of a doctor, and not use it blindly by yourself. After the child is sick, it is a viral infection, you can take some anti-viral herbal preparations, for example, if you have a cold, symptomatic treatment, drink plenty of water, pay attention to rest can be enough, there is no need to take antibiotics. If you really think it is a bacterial infection, you should consult your doctor to decide whether to use antibiotics. Pediatric antipyretics should be chosen wisely Fever in children is a symptom that accompanies many illnesses such as upper respiratory tract infections, acute tonsillitis, and pneumonia, etc. As parents are anxious, they may blindly use antipyretics. Like Xiaoming’s mother, Xiaoming slightly fever, sometimes only 38 ℃ to give Xiaoming oral antipyretics. Although antipyretics are effective in reducing fever, they also have many adverse effects, and if they are not properly applied, they often cause many serious consequences. Any antipyretic medicine belongs to the category of symptomatic treatment, and can not treat the disease itself, at the same time, fever is the body’s response to the invasion of viruses or bacteria, is conducive to the annihilation of invasive viruses and bacteria, which is conducive to the normal growth and development of the child, such as in the diagnosis of the blind use of antipyretic drugs before the diagnosis is not clear, can interfere with the condition, resulting in a number of false impressions of diagnosis is not favorable. So the child fever as long as there is no convulsions or affect normal life, do not rush to give him antipyretic drugs, should go to the hospital in a timely manner to ask the doctor to diagnose, and then carry out reasonable treatment. Antipyretics have greater side effects such as stimulation of the gastric mucosa, affecting appetite, causing gastrointestinal long-term small amount of bleeding and thus lead to iron deficiency anemia, causing blood disorders, damage to the liver and kidneys, severe allergic reactions, manifested as exfoliative dermatitis combined with liver and kidney toxicity and death. Therefore, in the process of taking antipyretic drugs, we should pay close attention to its side effects. Do not take antipyretics at the same time with alkaline drugs, such as baking soda, aminophylline, etc., otherwise it will reduce the effect of antipyretic; anakinra nasal drops or oral medication should be used according to the instructions, should pay attention to the preservation of light and should not be contacted with copper, iron and other metal containers, otherwise it is easy to oxidize and decompose and lose the effectiveness of the drug. Application of antipyretic drugs should be strictly in accordance with the prescribed dose, the amount of too much will often make the child sweat too much and cause defecation, the dosage is often too small and can not achieve the effect of lowering the temperature. When taking antipyretics must pay attention to drink more water, which can not only prevent excessive sweating and cause defecation, but also conducive to the excretion of toxins. Antipyretic drugs are through the skin to increase heat dissipation and play a cooling effect, so the clothes to wear a wide, should not blow directly into the wind. There is no history of convulsions children generally advocate fever above 39 ℃ before using drugs to reduce fever. The child’s fever should not be excessive infusion in Xiaoming’s mother’s psychology has always been “cold fever injection faster” idea. Cold and fever is indeed a manifestation of inflammation, but this inflammation is usually caused by viral or bacterial infections, the vast majority of infusions are now antibiotics, mainly for bacterial effect. In fact, 70-90% of colds and fevers are caused by viruses, and antibiotics can neither control the symptoms nor shorten the course of the disease. Viral and bacterial infections have appropriate treatment drugs, for cold and fever treatment principle should be able to use oral medicine, try not to injection, can use a drug, try not to use two antibiotics. Moreover, drip injection is a direct input of drugs into the blood vessels, causing irritation to the blood vessels, which is easy to cause damage to the blood vessels. And the use of certain antibiotics may cause damage to the liver, kidneys and other organs or hearing, and in serious cases may cause the child to die due to infusion reactions or allergic reactions. Some children have low immunity and get sick more easily than others, so they should do the necessary tests for targeted treatment, while many parents are afraid of their children’s pain and are unwilling to do the necessary tests such as blood tests, and rely on fluids to hold them over as long as their children are sick. Long-term repeated use of antibiotics will also reduce the child’s immunity, so that the child is more prone to illness, many weak children are experiencing a vicious cycle. When the cold and fever, the child most need is to drink more water and more rest, parents go out of their way to toss back and forth, the child does not rest well, the recovery is even slower. Children with poor physique, usually sweat a lot, often sweat, night sweats, grain is not fragrant, low immunity, intolerance of cold and cold. When the external climate change is cold or hot, they are prone to cold and flu. These children usually need to be properly adjusted with traditional Chinese medicine to strengthen their body and improve their ability to resist diseases. Some therapeutic prescriptions can also be used, such as: Yam Coix Seed Astragalus Date Porridge: 20 grams of Astragalus (packet), 50 grams of Yam, 50 grams of Coix Seed, 30 grams of Jujubes, 100 grams of glutinous rice, cook porridge, add sugar or honey to moderate amount of food. Children should be appropriate outdoor activities, more sunshine, improve the adaptation to the external environment and resistance. Children who sweat a lot after the activity should be dried with a dry towel and change their underwear in time to prevent getting cold.