A periosteal reaction usually means that there is destruction or damage to the bone. Histologically, an increase in osteoblasts in the inner layer of the periosteum can be seen, resulting in the formation of new bone trabeculae. Periosteal new bone produced by increased activity of osteoblasts in the inner layer of the periosteum in pathological conditions. Periosteal reactions can occur in many diseases, such as acute septic osteomyelitis. The following are measures to prevent acute septic osteomyelitis. Prevention: 1. Firearm injuries cause damage and contamination of soft tissues and bone, and the possibility of infection is high. Therefore, after trauma, debridement should be carried out in a timely manner to prevent infection and enhance the body’s resistance so that open fractures become closed fractures. Wound dressing is changed to maintain drainage, enhance body resistance and use antibacterial drugs to prevent infection. For open fractures caused by blast injuries, the wound must be thoroughly debrided and not sutured to facilitate drainage. 2. For non-firearm injury fractures, if debridement can be performed in time, the wound should be sutured and drainage strips should be placed for 48 hours to strive for a phase of wound healing so that the fracture turns closed. If infection has occurred, the wound should be enlarged as soon as possible to facilitate drainage and to strengthen systemic supportive therapy and anti-infective treatment. 3. Pay attention to personal hygiene and bathe regularly to prevent the occurrence of skin sores.