As an orthopedic surgeon, we are very sensitive to pain in this area and usually consider hip joint pathology such as osteoarthritis or femoral head necrosis first. When the hip joint is found to be diseased, we should actively treat it to prevent it from developing and causing irreversible joint collapse. If there is no finding, how do we explain the pain at this point? If it is thought to be caused by soft tissue strain, simply advising the patient to rest may delay the diagnosis. Therefore, what diseases do we often tend to overlook when pain occurs in this area? From a surgical point of view, when a patient has groin pain, if the patient is a male, it is usually considered to be caused by epididymitis, and the diagnosis is relatively clear when combined with a feeling of testicular swelling, fever and other manifestations. It is also important to note that inguinal hernia can also present with groin pain but is accompanied by constipation and pulling pain. When the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve is trapped in the inguinal ligament, it causes pain in the groin, and when pressed, it may even induce numbness in the anterolateral thigh, or even burning or pins-and-needles pain, which is worse when walking and relieved when resting. Patients with pear-shaped muscle syndrome may also experience pain in the groin, and some patients may palpate striated hard masses in the buttocks, which may induce a pulling pass in the posterior thigh when pressed, but the pain is usually not over the knee. Another easily overlooked condition that tends to cause groin pain is lumbar disc herniation, especially the very lateral type of lumbar disc herniation. In terms of innervation area, the inguinal region is innervated by the thoracic 12 and lumbar 1 nerves. When a very lateral type of lumbar 1 disc herniation compresses the lumbar 1 nerve root, the patient will experience pain and discomfort in the inguinal area, while the relative lumbar pain is very mild or even absent, which is the easiest way to ignore lumbar spine lesions and therefore needs our attention. There is also a case of hip labral injury that can also cause groin pain, which is common in sports injuries, and pain can occur when the midpoint of the groin is pressed with the hand, also known as the “C” sign. All of the above cases need to be examined in detail by a physician in order to make a clear diagnosis.