Traumatic brain injury is a cranio-cerebral injury caused by direct or indirect violence to the brain. Traumatic brain injury can produce different clinical results due to the nature of violence, the point of action and the direction and size of violence, so traumatic brain injury is divided into acute, subacute and chronic according to the progress of the disease; open and closed according to the degree of damage caused by violence to the skull; according to the direction of violence can be divided into impact point injury and hedonic injury; according to the nature of violence can be divided into direct and indirect injury, etc. In fact, the type of injury seen in clinical practice is more complex, often the violence does not simply make the skull or brain tissue damage, sometimes there can be multiple tissues involved at the same time, but the degree of damage to each tissue is not equal. In general, traumatic brain injury causes the majority of cases of acute symptoms, clinical manifestations are more obvious, often in the concentration of force in the parts of the brain tissue damage is relatively heavy, even after recovery from the disease, there will be a variety of complications and sequelae, traumatic brain atrophy is one of the sequelae. 1, clinical manifestations In the sequelae period of craniocerebral injury, in addition to some local localization symptoms such as hemiplegia, aphasia, sensory impairment, dysphagia, vision loss, mental retardation, seizures and other manifestations, there may also be functional symptoms such as headache, dizziness, tinnitus, excessive sweating, insomnia, palpitation, emotional instability, etc. A few patients may also develop into traumatic dementia. Functional symptoms usually occur in patients with concussion or mild cerebral contusion, while mental retardation and seizures are often residual symptoms of traumatic brain injury such as severe cerebral contusion, subdural (extradural) hematoma, and open brain penetrating injury. 2, auxiliary examination Brain atrophy caused by traumatic brain injury is mostly manifested by limited cerebral cortical atrophy, and the diagnosis is relatively easy due to clear etiology. In CT and MRI, we can see deepening of the cerebral sulcus on the affected side, enlargement of the subarachnoid space, enlargement of the ventricles in diffuse cerebral atrophy, and sometimes arachnoid cysts, cerebral penetration malformations, various hydrocephalus, subdural hematomas or fluid accumulation. EEG often shows abnormal local brain waves on the affected side, and may have epileptiform discharge changes. 3.Treatment and prognosis Conservative treatment is the main treatment, such as choosing drugs to improve nerve cell metabolism and promote blood circulation. If mechanical compression of brain tissue such as old hematoma, cyst or hydrocephalus is found, surgical removal can be taken promptly. In case of frequent seizures, phenytoin sodium 0.1-0.2g, 3 times a day, valproate sodium 0.25g, 3 times a day and carbamazepine 0.1-0.2, 3 times a day can be chosen. Generally, the condition is stable, i.e., the symptoms are relatively fixed and less progressive development.