In clinical work, we find that there are many children and adolescents with depression. When parents find that their children talk less and less, smile is gone, sigh, do not want to interact with classmates, academic performance decreases, poor night sleep …… and bring their children to the clinic, it turns out that their children are suffering from depression. The clinical manifestation of depression in children and adolescents is to have mood depression as the core symptom. Typical depression has rhythmic characteristics, showing a changing pattern of heavy day and light night, but the sick child can often show excessive activity, truancy, aggressive behavior, etc. in addition to mood disorders. The basic clinical features of depression in children and adolescents are: 1. Affective disorder: manifested as low mood, unhappiness, sadness, crying, low self-assessment, unwillingness to go to school, loss of interest in daily activities, not wanting to play anything, self-loathing, sense of uselessness, wanting to die or attempting suicide. It also manifests as sensitivity, irritability, temper tantrums, disobedience, restlessness, boredom, isolation, anger, leaving home for no reason, etc. 2, psychomotor retardation: manifested as slow movement, reduced activity, behavioral withdrawal. In severe cases, the patient may be in a state of wood stiffness, not talking and not moving. 3, thinking, speech disorders: slow thinking, whispering, reduced speech, slow speech, self-blame and low self-esteem. Older children may have delusions of guilt. 4, physical symptoms: often complain of a variety of physical discomfort, such as headache, dizziness, fatigue, chest tightness, shortness of breath, loss of appetite, sleep disorders, etc. Behavioral disorders: Children and adolescents with depression may have behavioral disorders as prominent symptoms, such as disobedience, confrontation, impulsivity, excessive activity, aggressive behavior or other disciplinary misbehavior. Some people classify such behavioral manifestations as equivalent signs of depression. Children and adolescents present with depression in much the same way as adults. However, because of their limited cognitive level, children do not experience emotional experiences such as self-guilt and self-blame as adults with depression do. Child and adolescent depression sometimes expresses sadness through boredom, withdrawnness, and even anger. Children do not yet have the same verbal ability to describe and understand emotions as adults, so they often express depressed mood through behavior. Children at different developmental stages may have different behavioral ways of expressing depression. Preschool: defiant behavior, aggressive or withdrawn behavior, difficulty interacting with other children, sleep and eating problems, etc. Elementary school: reluctance to attend school, decreased academic performance, physical complaints such as headaches and stomach pains, poor relationships with partners and adults, daydreaming, and somatic aggression. Adolescence: eating disorders (especially in girls), somatic aggression (especially in boys), suicidal thoughts, alcohol/drug use, antisocial behaviors such as stealing and lying, some depressive symptoms similar to those of adults (e.g., sadness, poor sense of self, and loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities). Since childhood adolescent depression has a great impact on the learning and life of the affected children, impaired social functioning, and in severe cases, suicide, it cannot be ignored or regretted, and needs to be detected and treated with early intervention. The treatment of depressive disorders in children and adolescents should be based on the principle that antidepressant medication and psychotherapy should be given equal importance, and it is inappropriate to rely solely on medication or psychotherapy. When medication alleviates depressive symptoms, coupled with psychotherapy, it will enable patients to recognize the disease, change their cognition, improve their personality, and enhance their ability and self-confidence to cope with difficulties and setbacks. Cognitive-behavioral therapy can reduce depression severity, accelerate symptom improvement, lower suicide rates and reduce functional impairment. Supportive therapy and family therapy also have some efficacy.