Pectus excavatum is one of the most common deformities of the chest wall in childhood, with an incidence of 1 to 3 per 1,000, about 5 times more in boys than in girls. It is a deformity in which part of the sternum, rib cartilage and ribs are funnel-shaped concave to the spine side, mostly starting from the third rib cartilage to the seventh rib cartilage inwardly concave deformation, usually the deepest concave above the glabella, and sometimes asymmetrical concave to one side. Most children with funnel chest have shallow depressions at birth or shortly after birth, mostly at the glabellar process, and the depressions generally deepen progressively during infancy and preschool. Due to the compression of the heart and lungs by the depressed chest wall, gas exchange is restricted and secretions are easily retained in the lungs, so upper respiratory tract infections often occur, and sometimes symptoms such as panic, shortness of breath and dyspnea occur after activities, and children eat less and lose weight compared with children of the same age. The best time to operate for funnel chest should be before school age, which is the most favorable in both psychological and physiological aspects. After orthopedic surgery, the heart and lungs are relieved of pressure, cardiopulmonary function is improved, appearance is improved, the development of “funnel chest” signs is prevented, and scoliosis is prevented. In the past, the treatment of “funnel chest” often used the traditional chest wall deformity correction surgery, which is an open surgery, requiring 4-6 hours, bleeding, trauma, high risk, causing certain damage to muscles and cartilage, and high postoperative complications and recurrence rate, which is no longer acceptable to both doctors and patients. With the advancement of technology, the most advanced and effective way to treat “funnel chest” is to perform NUSS minimally invasive surgery. The NUSS minimally invasive surgery originated in the late 1990s, and only requires the implantation of a tailor-made steel plate under thoracoscopic guidance to push out the sternal depression and all the inwardly deformed rib cartilage for corrective surgery, so that the sternum can return to its normal position and the plate can be removed after 2-4 years. Compared with traditional surgery, this procedure has a small wound, less bleeding, shorter time (less than half an hour), complete preservation of muscle cartilage, faster postoperative recovery, early bedtime activity, fewer postoperative complications, high satisfaction rate of deformity correction, low recurrence rate, and good results for older children and adults. At present, NUSS surgery has undergone many different surgical modifications. In actual clinical work, doctors need to adopt more suitable surgical methods according to different types and complexity of “funnel chest” patients in order to achieve the best results. The NUSS procedure carried out in our hospital is a further improvement of the original technique, compared with the previous one, it does not use thoracoscope and does not enter the chest cavity, achieving a more minimally invasive effect. Of course, its technical requirements for the surgeon is undoubtedly higher.