COX, known medically as cyclooxygenase, is involved in the synthesis of the prostaglandin PG in the body, which has been linked to pain, gastric mucosal protection, etc. Some medications work by altering COX and thereby providing pain relief. The abbreviation for cyclooxygenase is COX, and there are various forms such as type 1 and type 2. COX-1 is involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins associated with protection of the gastric mucosa; COX-2 is involved in the synthesis of prostaglandins associated with pain after an inflammatory response. Clinically some drugs can achieve analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase, and these drugs are often referred to as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A common clinical NSAID is ibuprofen, which achieves its anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting COX-2, but because it also inhibits COX-1, it carries the risk of triggering gastrointestinal bleeding and ulcers. This is the reason why drugs such as ibuprofen are contraindicated in diseases such as peptic ulcers. With the development of technology, some new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as celecoxib can be realized to inhibit only COX-2, thus reducing the adverse effects. The above drugs need to be used under the guidance of clinicians and unauthorized use is prohibited.