Acid reflux refers to the reflux of stomach contents through the esophagus to the oropharynx and the perceived appearance of acidic substances in the mouth. It is collectively referred to as reflux with the reflux of duodenal contents through the stomach and esophagus to the oropharynx and the perceived appearance of bitter substances in the mouth. The difference between acid reflux and vomiting is that the former does not have the accompanying symptoms of nausea and dry heaving. Physiological gastroesophageal reflux is seen in normal individuals and has no clinical significance. If reflux occurs more frequently than in normal people, failure to remove acidic digestive gastric juices as well as pepsin, bile and pancreatic juices in a timely manner can cause inflammation, erosion, ulceration and fibrosis of the esophageal mucosa and other lesions, which belong to GERD. I. What are the manifestations of GERD? Common symptoms are acid reflux, heartburn, regurgitation, belching and angina-like retrosternal pain episodes. Atypical symptoms such as hoarseness, foreign body sensation in the throat, blockage in the throat, chronic cough and asthma are often misdiagnosed. What are the factors associated with the occurrence of GERD? GERD is mainly caused by lowered lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure, transient LES relaxation, weakened ability of the esophagus to remove food, and irritation and damage to the esophageal mucosa by refluxed material (including stomach acid and bile). In addition to the above, many other factors are related to the patient’s age, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, psychological factors, dietary habits, fatigue and certain drugs. What medications are needed for GERD? It mainly includes acid suppressants, pro-motive drugs and mucosal protectors, etc. What do I need to pay attention to when I have GERD? Learn to relax, avoid mental tension, and have regular living arrangements. 1, avoid alcohol and quit smoking Because tobacco contains nicotine, can reduce the lower esophageal sphincter pressure, so that it is in a relaxed state, plus reflux; wine is the main component of ethanol, not only to stimulate gastric acid secretion, but also to make the lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, is one of the causes of gastroesophageal reflux. 2, pay attention to a small number of meals, eat a low-fat diet, can reduce the frequency of reflux symptoms after eating. On the contrary, a high-fat diet can promote the release of cholecystokinin from the small intestinal mucosa, which can easily lead to reflux of gastrointestinal contents. 3, dinner should not eat too much, avoid lying down immediately after the meal. 4, obese people should reduce weight because excessive obesity increased abdominal pressure, can promote gastric reflux, especially lying position more serious, should actively reduce weight to improve reflux symptoms. 5, the head of the bed at bedtime should be raised 10 cm to 15 cm overall, to reduce night reflux is a proven method. 6. Minimize activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure, such as excessive bending, wearing tight clothing and pants, and tightening the belt. If there is regular epigastric pain (when hungry or after a meal) or severe burning sensation, acute and severe abdominal pain should go to the hospital for medical attention. Another part of gastroesophageal reflux patients with hyperacidity, hyperacidity diet has five contraindications: 1, frozen and overheated diet moderate diet temperature, drinking tea, soup should not be overheated. 2, eat an excessive amount of MSG, hot and sour and too salty food diet to light, heavy taste will stimulate gastric acid secretion, a small amount of ginger and pepper, can warm the stomach and enhance the protective effect of the gastric mucosa. 3, eat too meat, too oily and fried food diet based on easily digestible food, meat stir-fry cooked, vegetables should not be half raw. 4.Eating without moderation It is advisable to eat less and more meals to avoid hunger pain, if the pain, you can eat a soda cookie or two. 5.Drinking alcohol and coffee Especially alcohol, which is too stimulating to the stomach, can make the ulcer worse.