Eisenmenger syndrome is a consequence of the development of a group of congenital heart diseases. Congenital heart diseases such as atrial and ventricular septal defects and patent ductus arteriosus can develop from an original left-to-right shunt to a right-to-left shunt due to progressive pulmonary hypertension to an organic pulmonary artery obstructive lesion, and when the skin mucosa develops from without cyanosis to with cyanosis, it is called both Eisenmenger syndrome. Congenital heart disease encompasses almost all morphologic abnormalities present at birth at the intracardiac and macrovascular levels. The incidence of congenital heart disease at birth ranges from 6 to 8 per 1,000 of surviving newborns. pulmonary hypertension is a common complication secondary to congenital heart disease that results from the presence of congenital heart disease, causing changes such as increased pulmonary blood flow and increased blood flow. Studies of the natural history of the disease have shown that pulmonary vascular disease, known as pulmonary hypertension, occurs in approximately 30% of all children born with congenital heart disease that is not treated surgically. Pulmonary hypertension is defined hemodynamically as a mean pulmonary artery pressure greater than 25 mmHg, with a small pulmonary artery wedge pressure less than or equal to 15 mmHg and a small pulmonary artery resistance greater than 3 wood units. When congenital heart disease is combined with pulmonary hypertension, the best treatment at this time is to cure the congenital heart disease by early surgery or intervention. If, for some reason, the congenital heart disease is not treated in time, and the pulmonary hypertension continues to progress, obstructive pulmonary hypertension may occur, and the patient may develop a bidirectional or right-to-left shunt at the site of the defect, with cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes, called Eisenmenger syndrome. The condition is characterized by a progressive increase in resistance of the small pulmonary arteries, accompanied by hypoxemia with a negative pulmonary vasodilatation test, which can cause ventricular failure of the ventricles connected to the pulmonary arteries and eventually lead to the patient’s death. Clinically, patients present with dyspnea, cyanosis, decreased activity tolerance, swelling, vertigo, syncope, coughing up blood, cardiac arrhythmias, and cerebrovascular events, leading to a decrease in quality of life and survival time. When patients present with Eisenmenger syndrome, the best opportunity for surgical treatment has been lost, but the improvement of symptoms, quality of life and life expectancy can be achieved by means of medical drug therapy. It is also important to emphasize the need for contraception in women with Eisenmenger’s syndrome, as the mortality rate of cesarean sections in pregnant women with Eisenmenger’s syndrome can be as high as 50-65% and the rate of fetal abortion can be as high as 75%. Studies and clinical reports show that Eisenmenger’s syndrome has a very negative impact on both the mother and the fetus, and can even kill both mother and child. In the event that a woman with Eisenmenger’s syndrome becomes pregnant, experts consistently recommend early termination of pregnancy. The natural course of Eisenmenger’s syndrome has a large span and patients have a higher survival rate than those with other causes of pulmonary hypertension. Most patients without surgical treatment survive to three to four decades, and it has even been reported that patients can survive to the seventh decade if treated with reasonable medication. In contrast, if patients with Eisenmenger syndrome were treated surgically, their survival time was instead significantly shorter than that of those who did not undergo surgery. This leads to a critical question in clinical work, which is how to determine whether a patient is indicated for surgery. Therefore, women with Eisenmenger syndrome should be careful to avoid pregnancy and to terminate it early if they become pregnant. Patients with Eisenmenger syndrome are contraindicated for surgery. The condition is chronic, similar to hypertension and diabetes, and requires long-term continuous medication, which can be used to extend the patient’s life and improve the quality of life, making it the ideal treatment option for these patients. Patients with additional questions can contact me via telephone consultation.