In patients with advanced NSCLC, the best current first-line therapy is 30-40% effective. In patients with locally advanced disease, many patients (50-60%) relapse after a significant period of tumor remission. The functional status (PS) remains good after relapse. Second-line treatment of NSCLC is particularly important in order to achieve longer life and better quality of life. Shepherd et al. compared the use of Tasutil (75 mg/m2 vs. 100 mg/m2) with BSC in patients who failed first-line platinum-containing regimens and showed that MST (7 months vs. 4.6 months) and 1-year survival (29% vs. 12%) were both better than in the BSC group, suggesting that second-line treatment with Tasutil is superior to best supportive care.In 1999, the US FDA approved Tasutil In 1999, the U.S. FDA approved Tasutil as monotherapy for advanced NSCLC that has failed platinum-based chemotherapy, and Tasutil is now considered the gold standard for second-line treatment of NSCLC. Considering the poor general condition of patients receiving second-line therapy and in order to reduce the toxic side effects of Tasutil, a comparison between the weekly regimen of Tasutil and the three-week regimen of Tasutil has been conducted. There was no significant difference in the time to disease progression of 2.7 and 2.9 months, respectively, and the rate of 3-4 degree white blood cell decline in toxic effects was significantly lower in the weekly regimen than in the three-week regimen, at 2.3% and 8.8%, respectively. The remission rate of the three-week regimen was found to be similar to that of the weekly regimen (13%:11%), and the weekly regimen had significantly less toxic side effects than the three-week regimen. The median survival of patients in the weekly regimen group was found to be longer after 6 months of follow-up, 5.8 months and expected >8 months, respectively, P=0.08). Therefore, in the clinical process, we can choose the weekly regimen of Tasuti for patients with poor general condition or advanced age. With the development and application of new drugs, the study reported 571 patients with NSCLC who failed first-line chemotherapy were randomized to receive pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 group (283 patients) versus Tasutil 75 mg/m2 group (288 patients), and both groups received treatment until disease progression, or intolerable toxic reactions occurred, and patients or investigators requested to stop treatment. The results showed no significant difference in overall treatment efficacy (9.1% vs. 8.8%), median survival (8.3 months vs. 7.9 months), median disease-free survival and 1-year survival rate (2.9 months vs. 29.7%) between pemetrexed and Tasutil.