Spastic cerebral palsy accounts for 60% to 70% of all cerebral palsy patients. Children with hypoxic asphyxia and low weight at birth are prone to this type, and the lesions are mainly in the cone system in the motor area of the cerebral cortex, characterized by hyperactive extensor reflexes, increased muscle tone, hyperactive tendon reflexes, positive ankle clonus, positive Barr’s sign, and limited limb movement. The upper extremities of the child showed inward flexion of the elbow joint, flexion of the elbow and wrist joints, inward clenching of the thumb and clenching in the palm; the movements of the two upper extremities were awkward, stiff and uncoordinated. The two lower limbs are stiff and crossed, the hip joint is internally rotated, and the ankle joint is plantar flexed. The child’s feet droop, turn inward, land on the tips of the feet, and the soles of the feet cannot be leveled when standing. The child walks with a small stride and can walk on his or her toes, but is unable to run. The spasticity often worsens when the child exerts himself or herself and becomes agitated, and then decreases when he or she falls asleep quietly. According to years of clinical treatment research, spastic cerebral palsy is the easiest type to treat, but surgical treatment and rehabilitation are indispensable in the treatment process, if any one of them is missing, the child cannot achieve the ideal treatment effect. Intraoperative monitoring is performed to determine the proportion of the posterior spinal nerve roots to be removed, making the scope and proportion of the sensory nerves removed more scientific and objective. Comprehensive adjustment of the patient’s muscle tone so that the muscle tone of spastic muscles is as close to normal as possible. The muscle spasm of patients with spastic cerebral palsy is not limited to a single muscle, but often manifests as spasm of multiple muscles or muscle groups. This procedure can achieve the effect of comprehensive adjustment of muscle tone, and it can solve the pain of muscle spasm of patients in a long-term, stable and thorough way, providing the prerequisite for the maximum recovery of their motor functions. FSPR only selectively blocks part of the posterior nerve root fibers during the treatment, without affecting the anterior nerve roots and motor functions that govern muscle movement. The specific site of surgery can depend on the patient’s specific condition: surgery in the lumbar spine can address lower extremity spasticity, and surgery in the cervical spine can address upper extremity spasticity. The efficacy of surgery in the lumbar and lumbosacral regions is basically the same, and currently the main choice is to operate on the bony tail of the lumbosacral region, which reduces the risk of surgery and complications. Before each surgery, a set of scientific and reasonable individualized treatment plan including preoperative evaluation and selection of appropriate methods will be made for different conditions of patients, and long-term formal rehabilitation training should also be adhered to after the implementation of FSPR, so as to ensure the rehabilitation efficacy. In addition, some patients should undergo corresponding orthopedic surgery after FSPR, such as corrective treatment for deformities such as scissor gait and clubfoot. Spastic cerebral palsy currently consists of three steps in terms of treatment mechanism: release of spasticity, correction of deformity and rehabilitation training. Surgery only effectively relieves the spasticity of limbs, while postoperative training is an important guarantee to improve the efficacy of surgery and restore potential functions. Clinical experience proves the objective summary that three points are surgery and seven points are training. Pediatric cerebral palsy can be effectively relieved of muscle spasm after surgery, however, due to the lifting of spasm, low muscle strength manifests itself, and only with increased muscle strength can motor function be significantly improved, and increased muscle strength must go through hard rehabilitation training. Generally, it is divided into two parts: preoperative rehabilitation training and postoperative rehabilitation training. 1, first of all, preoperative rehabilitation training: clinical practice has proved that preoperative adherence to scientific rehabilitation training plays an important role in the postoperative recovery of the child. Pre-operative rehabilitation is a comprehensive rehabilitation involving psychology, pedagogy and functional training, mainly including basic functional training, intellectual training and social competence training. ①Basic functional training includes assisting children to practice single functions such as crawling, turning and sitting in bed, especially crawling. We found that children who could crawl before surgery had better postoperative functional recovery than those who could not, and the two had positive correlation. However, it is worth noting that the preoperative walking training should be appropriately reduced to reduce the appearance of weight-bearing-induced limb fixation deformity; in addition, balance function training and daily life training should be conducted, and children should be instructed to practice basic function training such as dressing and undressing, washing face and brushing teeth. ②Intellectual training can do some fun games, which can not only increase the interest and intellectual development of the child, but also improve the learning ability, and avoid the boring monotony of simple learning. ③Social skills training is mainly to develop the child’s ability to communicate and adapt to the outside environment. Parents should communicate more with the children, observe their emotional changes, mental activities, interests and other characteristics, induce and heuristically adjust the pathological psychology of the children, so that the children can gradually gain confidence in life. In short, careful preoperative training can be more effective in ensuring the effect of surgery. Generally speaking, the first 3 weeks of post-operative training are in the hospital, and the medical staff will guide the child. Parents must master the basic training methods during hospitalization and then combine them with some information provided by the medical staff after discharge. Starting from 3 days after surgery, the child can be massaged with gentle movements on both lower limbs and passively move the toes and ankle joints for 20-30 minutes each time, twice a day; 4-7 days after surgery, the child can passively move the hip, knee and ankle joints, while practicing leg extension, leg flexion and turning within the tolerable range of pain for 10-20 minutes each time, twice a day; 8-14 days after surgery, the main exercises are auxiliary exercises, supplemented by passive activities; 3 weeks after surgery, the child can practice short sitting and kneeling. In 3 weeks after surgery, children can practice short sitting and kneeling to increase joint mobility and prepare for good postural control; 6 weeks after surgery, children will be evaluated for muscle strength, muscle tone, joint mobility and posture, and then targeted rehabilitation will be carried out according to the evaluation results. Due to the release of spasticity and reduced muscle tone after surgery, children with cerebral palsy must pay attention to strengthening muscle strength training, especially the training of weight-bearing muscles, mainly gluteus maximus, quadriceps and calf gastrocnemius. In addition, the training of posture and balance, standing and walking training should pay attention to the scientific method. After 6 months, some children with severe contractures may need a second surgery. It is worth reminding that the training of the child after surgery should still be carried out according to the growth and development of the child, and if there is any doubt, you should contact the medical staff in time to ensure a better recovery of the child after surgery. In conclusion, only by effectively combining surgery and rehabilitation can we effectively ensure the treatment effect of children with spastic cerebral palsy, one without the other.