OVERVIEW
Biliary ascariasis is the most serious complication of intestinal ascariasis, which is an acute epigastric pain or biliary tract infection caused by intestinal roundworms that are motile and burrow into the biliary tract from various causes. During the attack, the patient’s pain is intolerable, and even cries and screams, which is very painful. It is very important to manage the symptoms and causes of biliary ascariasis patients and provide them with appropriate physical, psychological and social care.
Main nursing problems
1. Pain.
2. Nutritional disorders.
3. Fever.
4. risk of disturbances in water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.
5. risk of infection.
Nursing care measures
1.Pain care
According to the location, nature and severity of the patient’s pain, judgment, if necessary, can follow the medical advice to give antispasmodic analgesic drugs.
2.Nutritional support nursing
For patients with biliary tract infection and severe systemic toxicity symptoms, fasting should be performed and intravenous nutritional support should be given. Also according to the results of blood biochemistry examination, follow the doctor’s instructions to the patient rehydration, in order to maintain electrolyte and acid-base balance. During the period of symptom relief, patients should be instructed to eat vitamin-rich, easy-to-digest fluids or semi-fluids, and to eat less and more frequent meals.
3. Medication care
Instruct the patients to take anthelmintic drugs regularly and quantitatively as prescribed by the doctor, and observe the adverse reactions of the drugs.
4.Infection care
When the patient has chills and fever, do blood culture and give physical cooling such as ice bag or warm water bath. Give antibiotic treatment as prescribed by doctor to prevent aggravation of infection.
5. Complications care
Closely observe the changes of the patient’s condition to prevent the occurrence of complications such as cholecystitis, biliary hemorrhage, liver abscess, acute suppurative cholangitis, peritonitis, toxic shock, sepsis and so on. When any abnormality occurs, notify the doctor immediately and treat accordingly.
Health preaching
1. Popularize the relevant knowledge of biliary ascariasis to patients.
2. Instruct patients to develop good dietary habits, wash their hands before and after meals, do not eat raw and cold meat and vegetables, and wash raw fruits before eating them.
3. Advise patients not to defecate anywhere and pay attention to environmental hygiene.
4. Advise patients to take medication regularly and quantitatively as prescribed by the doctor, and consult the doctor in time if any discomfort occurs.