There are benign tumors of the lower bile ducts, but they are relatively rare. Benign bile duct tumors include bile duct papilloma, bile duct adenoma and bile duct fibroma, which are uncommon; benign bile duct tumors should be removed as early as possible because most of them can be malignant; bile duct tumors are most common in cholangiocarcinomas, of which the upper segment cholangiocarcinomas are most common; lower segment cholangiocarcinomas are located at the upper edge of the duodenum to the duodenal papilla, which only account for 10%~20% of the cases. Benign bile duct tumors, bile duct stones, primary sclerosing cholangitis, congenital cystic dilatation of bile ducts and other disease factors are related to the occurrence of bile duct cancer. Radical resection should be done for cholangiocarcinoma, and the specific surgical operation varies according to the specific site, and pancreaticoduodenectomy is needed for lower-segment cholangiocarcinoma. If there are symptoms such as jaundice, discomfort in liver and gallbladder area and so on, one should go to the hospital in time for diagnosis, to clarify the benign or malignant nature, and follow the doctor’s advice for early treatment.