Prevention after the birth of a newborn whose mother is HIV-positive is called post-exposure prophylaxis and should be given as early as possible. Newborns should be given antiretroviral drugs within six hours of birth, which are prescribed in China to be taken for 42 consecutive days, daily, with two suspension options of nevirapine and zidovudine. Both of these dosage forms have been validated by the FDA in the United States and are provided by the relevant authorities in China, specifically for the prevention of neonatal infections, generally without side effects, and the amount of medication used is determined by the child’s birth weight. In our country, the early diagnosis is done at 42 days and 3 months after the birth of the child, respectively, and the antibodies are checked at 12 months and 18 months, while in the United States, the antibodies are checked again at 24 months. Because the child is born with the mother’s antibodies, the test may be positive within 18 months; 95% of children will turn negative within 18 months, and another 5% will turn negative between 18 and 24 months. If two consecutive tests are negative, it is clear that the child is safe. It is important to note that we do not check the viral load of the child, the mother takes antivirals and the child takes antivirals, the viral load is usually negative, so we focus on the antibodies. There is also no need to test newborns frequently. Blood is drawn for each test, which is not good for health, and the wounds caused by the blood draw are prone to other infections. Can newborns be breastfed? Breast milk is also an important way of HIV transmission, so HIV positive mothers cannot breastfeed. If breast milk is heated and sterilized after feeding as stated on the internet, I think there is also a big loss of its nutritional value and there is no need for it. The state will provide free milk powder to these families to ensure the artificial feeding of their children. What daily contact may infect the child? What if the child bites or scratches the parents? Daily contact is not contagious, such as skin-to-skin contact, kissing the child’s cheek, sharing dishes, or mosquito bites, so parents should not worry too much. However, it should be noted that the child’s skin mucosa is thin and delicate, so be careful not to break it. As long as the child and the mother do not have blood leaking out, the mother’s virus cannot be detected and will not be infectious, but it is still necessary to reduce the chances of this; if the child bites or scratches the mother, it is okay if the mother’s viral load is small, and at the same time, we do not recommend breastfeeding, so that the chances of biting are also less.