The causes and mechanisms of nasal polyps in children are not clear, however, there is a strong relationship with long-term chronic inflammatory irritation, allergic reactions, and adenoid hypertrophy. If the nasal cavity and sinuses are in a chronic inflammatory state for a long time, it can lead to mucosal edema as well as change the vascular permeability. At the same time, the presence of allergic reactions can aggravate a series of reactions, leading to irreversible pathological changes, which can lead to the development of nasal polyps. Adenomatous hypertrophy can block the posterior nostrils of the nasal cavity, affecting the ventilation and drainage of the nasal cavity and sinuses, preventing the flow of secretions from the sinuses and the presence of long-term irritation of the mucosa in the nasal cavity. The treatment is drug-based, requiring the use of antibacterial, anti-allergic drugs and glucocorticoid-based nasal sprays, especially nasal sprays are directly on the mucosal surface, which have a faster onset of action and are not prone to systemic side effects and do not affect the child’s physical development. For patients with excessive adenoid hypertrophy, they should be surgically removed.