The thyroid puncture biopsy technique is a minimally invasive medical technique developed in recent years. It is usually performed under ultrasound guidance, with the physician looking at the ultrasound image for visualization and seeing the entire process of needle passage and puncture sampling, which is very safe. The patient is placed in a supine position with a pillow on the back of the shoulder to stretch the neck and tilt the head back for easy operation. Usually a fine needle puncture is used for cytological examination. If malignant nodules are highly suspected, as much tissue as possible is taken for further cytohistological examination, and the cellular tissue block can be examined for genes related to thyroid cancer to assist in determining whether there is invasiveness. A 10 ml syringe is still used and a special thyroid puncture needle is being requested. Local anesthesia with lidocaine is used because it is less invasive and not significantly painful to the patient, and the diagnostic accuracy of cytologic puncture for the most common papillary thyroid cancer is as high as 97%. However, cytologic aspiration of thyroid nodules is, after all, the least invasive screening technique, and satisfactory diagnosis cannot be obtained in a single visit in approximately 16% of specimens, which can be observed for nodules with a greater likelihood of benignity. For nodules with a higher risk of malignancy, a repeat puncture biopsy may be performed at a 3-month interval. Only larger nodules, at least 10 mm or more, are punctured using a hollow needle for histological biopsy.