When you think of summer, the first thing that comes to mind is heat. But summer weather can never be summed up by the word hot. The humid and hot summer brings annoying problems. In the high temperature environment, many functions of the human body will change, especially the body temperature regulation, water and salt metabolism, digestion, circulation, neurological and endocrine systems, once these changes are not well adapted to the environment, the human body will have a variety of discomfort, heat stroke is one of the most common cases in the summer. In addition, the high temperature and humidity in summer is a period of active bacterial reproduction, which is the period of various infectious diseases, especially gastrointestinal infectious diseases. It is extremely important to take good care of your baby’s health in the hot climate so that he or she can get through the summer safely, in view of the various diseases and skin problems common in summer. Common childhood summer illnesses include diarrhea, colds, heat stroke, mosquito bites, B encephalitis, prickly heat poisoning, pink eye, skin infections, etc. 1, heat stroke: summer heat, children playing outside with red cheeks, sweating is a common occurrence. Careful mother should learn to determine whether the child is heatstroke. When the child appears hot, body temperature rises, while appearing irritable, headache and nausea, panic and weakness, or even suddenly faint, limb muscle twitching, this is heatstroke. If you notice signs of heat stroke in your child, you should immediately move him or her from a hot place to a cool, ventilated place or an air-conditioned room with a room temperature <25℃. Then, undress the child to allow him to dissipate the heat, and provide appropriate first aid treatment according to the severity of the heat stroke. Newborns and weaker children are prone to heatstroke, but now that air conditioning is more popular, children in families with air conditioning are less likely to suffer from heatstroke, but attention should be paid to preventing air conditioning disease. No air conditioning family can buy a child can buy a mall ice cushion, so that the child's head pillow ice cushion sleep, one is not easy for children to heat stroke two is not easy for children to have heat rash, each time the use of ice cushion shall be soaked in cold water for 1 hour before giving the child as a pillow pillow, do not put the ice cushion in the refrigerator after the ice and then give the child pillow. 2, "summer fever": medically it is called pediatric summer fever, which occurs mainly in the hot summer, and not baby infected with germs and fever, but because of the external environment and the rise in body temperature, so it is also called "summer hyperthermia". Its fever has the following characteristics: fever rarely exceeds 40 ℃, usually with the outside environment temperature changes and change; many babies fever pattern from the early morning every day, the daytime temperature gradually increased, gradually decreased in the afternoon, to the evening when the lowest, to the next morning and began to rise, but some babies fever is not regular, may be high and low; fever lasts a long time, the course of about 1 to 2 months, but also up to 3 to 4 months The fever lasts for a long time and lasts for about 1 to 2 months, or up to 3 to 4 months, and gradually improves when the weather is cool; when the room temperature is low or when the baby is brought to a cool place the body temperature will drop quickly and return to normal. In the southern region of China, the baby, because of the hot weather for a long time, from April to October every year may be onset. Summer fever is very characteristic in the age of onset, that is, most occur in the 6 months to 3 years old baby, more than 3 years old rarely suffer from this disease. Because the baby's brain thermoregulatory center has not yet developed before the age of 3, so the body temperature will rise in tandem with the rise in external environmental temperature; sweat gland function is also insufficient, sweating less and not easy to dissipate heat. And the baby suffering from heat stroke is easy to happen every year. Usually after the baby reaches 3 to 4 years old, the body's thermoregulatory system gradually matures and no longer develops. 3, heat stroke: cold is divided into common cold and influenza, "heat stroke" is a common cold in summer. Summer colds have a lot of heat and humidity. Heat typhoid is not an influenza, not contagious. However, it can trigger the attack of some diseases, such as chronic bronchitis and asthma. The high temperature and high humidity in summer make it easy for bacteria to grow and multiply rapidly; plus most families use air conditioners, making the room a closed environment for a long time, and the air does not circulate, which also makes it easy for various viruses to stay indoors. Baby resistance is poor, to the invasion of viruses, bacteria caused by favorable conditions, it is easy to suffer from upper respiratory tract infections. Upper respiratory tract infections can occur throughout the year, and in the summer, the onset of what we commonly call "heat typhoid". Prevention points: parents should minimize the number of children to go to public places with a lot of people and bad air. If there are already adults with colds in the family, they should try to avoid contact with their babies so as not to transmit the cold virus to the children. In addition, when using air conditioning, be careful not to set the temperature too low. It is best to ensure that children have one to two hours of outdoor exercise during the day. 4, summer is the high incidence of diarrheal diseases. Diarrhea is a common symptom of digestive system diseases, caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, etc.. Clinical manifestations are an increase in the number of stools compared to usual or changes in stool properties, such as thin stools, increased water content, increased fat, with indigestible food or with pus and blood. Diarrhea can also be caused by disturbances in the function of the gastrointestinal tract. Diarrhea can cause malnutrition, vitamin deficiency, anemia, and lower body resistance. When diarrhea occurs, the body not only loses a lot of water and nutrients, but also loses a lot of electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium. If the loss exceeds a certain limit, electrolyte disorders may occur, and acid-base toxicity may also occur. In summer, the digestive system of infants and young children with the rise of temperature, will occur in the secretion of digestive enzymes, gastrointestinal power to reduce the phenomenon, to control the intake of cold food; and in the summer high temperature conditions, pathogenic bacteria and viruses are easy to reproduce, drinks, food is very easy to deteriorate, a little care will be "disease from the mouth", which can easily lead to digestive system diseases - diarrhea. This can easily lead to diarrhea, a disease of the digestive system. Children have more chances of infectious diarrhea in summer, such as dysentery, especially from June to September, which accounts for about 70% of the annual dysentery incidence. Prevention points: summer food should be light, for infants and young children, breastfeeding is encouraged, especially the first summer after birth is most important, and summer weaning should be avoided. When artificial feeding, attention should be paid to dietary hygiene and clean water. 5, type B encephalitis: type B encephalitis is mainly transmitted through mosquitoes. 90% of patients occur in the 7, 8, 9 months, especially children aged 2-7 years have the highest incidence. When the child is sick, often with a more rapid onset, the temperature in 1-2 days up to 39 ℃ -40 ℃, accompanied by headache, nausea and jet vomiting, accompanied by drowsiness and mental lethargy, followed by confusion, convulsions, and even respiratory failure. Prevention points: Since the implementation of planned immunization, preschool children have generally received vaccination against B encephalitis virus, and the number of children suffering from B encephalitis has decreased significantly, but the protection rate after vaccination is only 76%-90%, so it is still not to be taken lightly. Therefore, in the epidemic season, it is still necessary to raise awareness of disease prevention and prevent mosquito bites. 6, skin infections: due to high temperatures and high humidity, the body sweats a lot, poor perspiration, which can easily lead to sweat storage, causing local skin redness, inflammation, heat rash. Prickly heat has itching and a slight burning sensation, and it is easy to form cysts and folliculitis, and when scratched, it can easily become an abscess, and the original symptoms may be aggravated. Prevention points: children with prickly heat should avoid scratching, do not wash with hot water or alkaline soap, and do not stimulate with cool water, but use warm water for bathing.